Tags: Marialuisa Veneziano

  • The monastery of lost melodies

    One night, memory was silent. Music sought another way.

    by Marialuisa Veneziano

    *************

    🎧 MUSIC FOR LETTURE – Pérotin — Viderunt♪
    Before entering the monastery, press play (click on the black arrow to open listening)
    These voices belong to a Middle Ages following that of Guido d’Arezzo, but they tell what his intuition would contribute to making it possible: a music capable of being entrusted to writing, passing through time and becoming increasingly complex without losing its memory.
    During reading, he listens to the song as if it were a construction that slowly arises over an ancient voice.
    One track first.
    Then other voices.
    Then a whole space that takes shape.
    A music can survive only when it finds a way to be remembered.
    Press play. Then enter the monastery.


    The first melody disappeared during the Vespers.

    No one noticed.

    Fra Martino had sung those words for almost forty years and, when his voice suddenly stopped in his throat, the confreres thought of a cough, a distraction, perhaps at the age, which has the bad taste to present themselves in the moments when we would rather ignore it.

    Martino started again.

    The first syllable was secure.

    The second one, too.

    Then nothing.

    Quiet.

    The elder lifted his eyes.

    The monks held.

    Fra Martino tried again.

    The melody didn't come.

    That was crazy.

    He knew the words.

    He even remembered where the song went up.

    And yet the next note was gone.

    Don't forget.

    Shoot.

    Like a door that you know has existed all your life and that, returning to look for it, you find yourself replaced by a wall.

    The prior mentioned another monk.

    He did.

    He stopped at the same point.

    A third attempted.

    Nothing.

    Someone opened the antiphonary.

    Above the words were the usual signs: small strokes, curves, accents, those neumes that for generations helped the memory of the singers.

    Fra Martino fixed them for a long time.

    He knew the voice had to rise.

    Then get off.

    Then bend.

    Where?

    How much?

    On what height?

    The page recalled the gesture of melody.

    Don't put it on.

    It was the first time that in the monastery of Pomposa someone was afraid of a song.


    Pomposa lived with memory.

    The monks recalled psalms, antiphon, hymns, responses, sequences.

    The melodies passed from one mouth to another as the fire of a candle that lit another without losing its flame.

    Fra Martino was the most famous of all.

    — Burn the books. — He said sometimes. — The song is here.

    And he touched his forehead.

    Then the chest.

    — And here.

    That was a nice sentence.

    The beautiful phrases have a flaw: men easily end up believing them true only because they sound good.

    Among the few who were not entirely convinced was Guido.

    Young, stubborn, curious and afflicted by that kind of intelligence that makes it difficult to accept an answer simply because everyone accepted it before us.

    He said nothing that night.

    He looked at Martino.

    I looked at the page.

    And above all, he looked at that small empty space where a note should have been found.


    The song did not return the next day.

    Not the next one.

    Three days later another disappeared.

    Then a response.

    Then the conclusion of a psalm.

    Then a hymn that everyone knew from childhood.

    The phenomenon became so frequent that it was necessary to find a name.

    Men often do this with what they fear: if they cannot dominate him, at least they baptize him.

    They called him. the Ladro dei Canti.

    Soon the Thief acquired habits, intentions and even a character.

    There were those who swore they had heard steps in the library.

    Those who claimed that the melodies disappeared only on moonless nights.

    Who saw a window open.

    Those who remembered very well that they had a closed view.

    The prior ordered the antiphonaries to be kept under key.

    The next morning another melody disappeared.

    It was then that Guido said:

    — It's not in books that you have to look for the thief.

    Fra Martino looked at him badly.

    — Where?

    Guido opened the antiphonary.

    He pointed out the neumes.

    — Here.

    — In the signs?

    — In what signs do not say.

    The prior, Father Ademaro, warned him to continue.

    — These signs help us because we already know the song — He explained Guido. — They remind us if the voice goes up or down. But if memory disappears, they don't tell us exactly where to go.

    Martino got stiff.

    — Memory doesn't disappear.

    Guido looked at him.

    The old man immediately understood the involuntary cruelty of the sentence.

    Nobody said anything else.


    That night Guido took a piece of parchment.

    He drew a line.

    Then another.

    Then another.

    He put a mark on the first.

    He looked at him.

    He canceled it.

    He started again.

    At midnight the lines were four.

    Next he had a monochrome.

    It made the rope vibrate.

    He listened.

    He wrote.

    He erased.

    He was still trying.

    Fra Michele found it like this.

    — The prior forbid you to continue.

    Guido didn't lift his head.

    — In fact, I am trying to continue with great discretion.

    Michele looked at the page.

    — What are they?

    — Strange.

    — They look like lines.

    — All roads, seen from far enough, seem rows.

    Michele sighed.

    — Where do they take?

    Guido gave him the sheet.

    — Sing it.

    — I don't know this melody.

    — Exactly.

    Michele fixed it.

    — You want me to sing something I've never heard.

    — Yes.

    — Reading it.

    — Yes.

    — Four lines.

    — Yes.

    Michael observed it for a long time.

    — If I fail, at least promise me you'll admit you're crazy.

    — If you fail, I'll change the system.

    This response worried Michael much more than madness.


    He tried.

    He dismissed.

    Guido stopped him.

    Repeat.

    He still dismissed.

    At the fourth time Michael lost his patience.

    At the fifth he found the first interval.

    At the end of the sixth.

    They remained real.

    The melody was simple.

    Nothing extraordinary.

    And yet, in that room, something had just happened that neither of us would have forgotten.

    A man sang a music he never heard.

    He had not taught her a voice.

    He taught her a page.

    Guido took the parchment with both hands.

    — It works.

    Michael did not answer.

    — It works.

    This time Michele smiled.

    — Then we're in trouble.


    The problem of new ideas is not that they are always wrong.

    It's just, sometimes, they're just as uncomfortable as possible.

    When Father Ademaro saw the parchments, he did not cry.

    Worse.

    He kept them silent.

    — You want to put music in lines.

    — I want to give you a precise place.

    — Music does not need a place.

    — Until someone remembers her.

    The priore fixed it.

    Guido continued.

    — Father, we believe that singing lives in books. But books, without memory, are not enough.

    — And you think you can do better than generations of monks?

    — No.

    Guido pointed the lines.

    — I think we can leave who comes after something more than we have received.

    That was a respectful answer.

    This did not prevent the priory from prohibiting him from continuing.


    Guido obeyed for two days.

    The third one discovered the names.

    The hymn was the one dedicated to Saint John the Baptist.

    He sang it slowly.

    The phrases went up one after another.

    Ut queant laxis...

    Resonare fibris...

    Mira gestorum...

    Famuli tuarum...

    Only chickens...

    Labii reatum...

    He stopped.

    He looked at the initials.

    UT.

    RE.

    MI.

    FA.

    SOL.

    LA.

    You're syllable.

    Six steps.

    Six points to which to cling when memory hesitated.

    Michael entered and found Guido writing those big names.

    — What are you doing?

    — I'm giving a name to the sounds.

    Michele burst out laughing.

    — Sounds do not need a name.

    Guido lifted his eyes.

    — You wouldn't even need it if nobody ever called you.

    Michele stopped laughing.


    The day after the parchment was on the table of the priore.

    — You gave names to the notes.

    — Sillabe.

    — Names.

    — If you prefer.

    Ademaro got up.

    — You put them in line first. Now you beat them. What's next?

    Guido hesitated.

    — Maybe we can teach them faster.

    — I'm not joking.

    — Me neither.

    The prior beat a hand on the table.

    — Sacred music does not belong to you.

    — I know.

    — Then stop treating her like you can do it again.

    Guido became pale.

    — Because it doesn't belong to me, I can't accept that he dies with whom he knows.

    Silence changed.

    It was no longer a discussion.

    He had become something more dangerous.

    Ademaro directed the scrolls.

    — You want to close the song in these signs.

    Guido took the sheet.

    — A cage is to prevent something from going away.

    He put it on the table.

    — These lines do the opposite.

    The prior did not speak.

    — I'm not imprisoning music.

    Guido looked at the four lines.

    — I'm building a road.


    He was forbidden access to the library.

    The scrolls were confiscated.

    For weeks the monastery apparently returned to normal.

    Only the Choir of Songs did not respect the prohibition.

    He continued his work.

    A melody.

    Then another.

    The monks departed for distant abbeys, seeking men who remembered what was lost in Pomposa.

    But they often came back with different versions.

    A singer swore that a sentence went up.

    Another one remembered her descendant.

    Both were ready to swear before the altar.

    Memory began not only to forget.

    He started making up.


    Then came the eve of the great celebration.

    They would have attended guests, pilgrims, ecclesiastics.

    For weeks the solemn chant was prepared.

    Fra Martino sent him one last time.

    First sentence.

    Second.

    Third.

    The fourth one stopped.

    The choir tried to continue.

    No one did.

    Martino left.

    Nothing.

    Michael provided.

    Nothing.

    The song was almost entirely vanished.

    They opened the book.

    The signs were there.

    Perfect.

    Needless.

    A knight was sent to a nearby monastery.

    It started to rain.

    The river grew.

    The knight returned.

    The road was impractical.

    The next day, in front of hundreds of people, the monastery had to sing a music that no one remembered.

    The thief had chosen the best time.


    It was Fra Martino to say:

    — Call Guido.

    Father Ademaro raised his eyes.

    The old man did not lower them.

    — Call him.

    Guido arrived shortly after.

    He saw the book open.

    He asked no questions.

    — I can try.

    Ademaro opened a closet.

    Inside there were all his scrolls.

    Guido looked at him.

    The prior said only:

    — I didn't burn them.

    It was, in the language of Ademaro, almost a declaration of affection.


    They worked all night.

    There were no miracles.

    There were mistakes.

    Debates.

    Contradictory memories.

    Candles consumed.

    Ink spilled.

    Fra Martino remembered a cadence.

    Michele a fragment.

    Another confrere claimed the opposite.

    Guido listened.

    He tried on the monochrome.

    Compared.

    He wrote.

    He erased.

    When the melody finally seemed recomposed, he called six novices.

    Martin protested.

    — They don't know her.

    — That's why they need it.

    Guido put before them the new parchment.

    — No one will sing the song.

    The young people looked at each other.

    — You'll read it.

    They started.

    They begged.

    I repeat.

    Guido indicated:

    — Ut.

    Then:

    — King.

    — Mi.

    The voices fixed.

    A sentence.

    Then two.

    Then three.

    And, a little by little, in the hall sounded that song that none of those boys had ever heard before.

    Fra Martino sat down.

    Michele stopped smiling.

    Ademaro looked at parchments as one looks at something that forces us to give up an opinion that we were very fond of.

    But the last sentence was still missing.

    On the old manuscript the margin was ruined.

    Signs didn't read.

    Nobody remembered.

    Out the sky began to clear.

    — It's over. — said Ademaro.

    — No.

    Fra Martino had spoken.

    Close your eyes.

    He sang the previous sentence.

    Once.

    Two.

    Then slowly:

    — Fa...

    Guido turned.

    Martino filmed.

    — Sol...

    He trembled his voice.

    — La.

    And suddenly the conclusion came back.

    Not all together.

    One fragment after another.

    The memory of man and the new system of Guido met halfway.

    The melody reappears.

    Guido wrote it.

    This time no one should have relied on the memory of one man.


    In the morning the monastery sang.

    The guests listened.

    No one knew that, a few hours before, that music had risked disappearing.

    Someone praised the beauty of the choir.

    A dignitary fell asleep during the longer psalm and eventually declared that it was deeply moved.

    History, as you can see, also has a sense of humor.

    Guido didn't sing.

    He listened.

    The voices of the novices rose together with those of the old monks.

    And then he realized that true wonder was not saving that song.

    It was finding a way for a man to teach something. even to someone who would never meet.


    When Guido left Pomposa, Father Ademaro returned his sack with all the scrolls.

    — I thought they were confiscated.

    — They were.

    — What now?

    — Now I'm a problem I prefer to rely on others.

    Guido smiled.

    The prior is not.

    Then he took one of the pages.

    — I was afraid that by writing music, you would have ended up believing you had it.

    Guido was silent.

    — Maybe. — Ademaro continued — I didn't realize you can write something for the opposite reason.

    — What?

    The priore gave him the parchment.

    — Why stop belonging only to us.


    In Arezzo, time later, some boys received leaves with lines, signs and syllables.

    They didn't know those songs.

    Guido didn't send them.

    He only pointed out.

    Ut.

    King.

    Mi.

    Fa.

    Sol.

    La.

    The voices left uncertain.

    Then they found the road.

    And so music learned something that until then had entrusted almost only to the memory of men:

    how to cross time without asking for permission to death.


    THE MORAL

    Guido did not try to imprison music on paper.

    He tried to stop her from dying with whom he remembered.

    Because to keep something really does not mean to hold it for us, but to give it a form that can reach those who will come after.

    Memory is precious, but fragile. Knowledge becomes inheritance only when we know how to transmit it.

    That's why those lines weren't a cage.

    They were a bridge.

    And perhaps it also applies to what each of us receives in life:

    He is not entrusted to us to end up with us, but so that through us he may continue the journey.

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  • When the sound becomes color: I Solisti Aquilani at the Festival Respighi di Bologna

    When the sound becomes color: I Solisti Aquilani at the Festival Respighi di Bologna

    From Casella to Liszt, from the new page of Marco Taralli to the Trittico botticelliano: at the Teatro Manzoni an evening built around the memory, with Michele Campanella and the direction of Davide Trolton

    by Marialuisa Veneziano


    13 October 2026

    Bologna has with the past a familiarity that other cities, perhaps more prudent, would call suffering. It keeps it in the arcades, hides it behind a wall, leaves it sharpened by a facade; and when it seems to have put it duly safe in history, that reappears, with a certain stubbornness, to ask to be again interpreted.

    Wednesday, October 7 also happened in music.

    At the Teatro Auditorium Manzoni, the Festival Respighi Bologna has interwoven with another significant event, the forty years of Music Together, entrusting to the Soloists Aquilani, at the piano Michele Campanella and the direction of Davide Trolton a programme which, distractedly observed, could have appeared very heterogeneous: Alfredo Casella, Franz Liszt, Marco Taralli, Ottorino Respighi.

    But music, when a program is thought well, loves to forget appearances.

    The wire existed.

    And it was Time.

    Not the one measured by the metronome, but the most mysterious one through which a composer looks back and decides that the past is not yet finished.

    Casella seeks ancient forms while around him history falls into war. Liszt, on the contrary, writes a page so disturbing that it seems projected forward. Taralli already declares his dialogue with the ancient. Respighi, finally, performs the operation perhaps more dizzying: he looks at three paintings of the fifteenth century and asks the music to get them back to move.

    The concert became so, almost without declaring it, a reflection on an essential question:

    What does it mean to be modern when you own a memory?


    Casella: build while the world breaks

    The Concerto for strings, piano and percussion op. 69 by Alfredo Casella takes a date that prevents him from listening innocently.

    1943.

    Casella writes in Rome between October and November, during the German occupation, while the disease that would lead him to death a few years later has already begun to manifest itself. The composition, intended for Paul Sacher and his orchestra in Basel, was born, therefore, while two instability — that of history and the body — knock at the door of the author.

    Yet Casella does not respond with a disgraced music.

    It's almost the opposite.

    It builds.

    Counterpoint, shape, dance, symmetry.

    As if, while the world lost its coordinates, music could at least continue to draw straight lines.

    TheAllegro quite heavy Initially he has a dense counterpoint writing, in which the piano does not behave according to the romantic model of the sovereign soloist surrounded by orchestral subjects. Instead it enters the mechanism, it opposes you and together it belongs to you.

    It's a substantial difference.

    The piano is not simply front to the bows.

    IS inside the structure.

    Michele Campanella was therefore confronted with a page in which virtuosity cannot become external performance: rhythmic precision, articulation, ability to emerge and immediately after returning to the fabric.

    And the presence of Campanella, historical figure of the Italian piano school, gave this repertoire a particular weight: not the piano as an athletic exercise, but as an intelligence of form. Music Together presented it, not wrongly, as a true institution of the Neapolitan piano school, on the eve of the double finish of the eighty years and sixty years of career.

    Then comes the Saraband.

    And here time changes.

    The ancient dance, already present in the coeva Sonata for harp op. 68 and transported by Casella in the Concert, is not archaeology. There is no eighteenth-century postcard.

    The storm becomes rather memory of an order.

    Serious step, scanning, collecting.

    A form of the past called to speak within one of the most disordered eras of European history.

    It is difficult not to feel something profoundly human: when everything goes, looking for a form does not necessarily mean fleeing from the present.

    It can mean resist him.

    Even the final starts with energy, almost with stubborn confidence in the movement, before reaching a more obscure conclusion, sustained by a serious design of the low instruments that the sources of the time even read as a funeral present.

    It is not necessary to force the biography to understand its weight.

    Just listen to the idea.

    A music that wants to proceed.

    And something, below, that begins to hold it.


    Liszt: the piano before becoming emperor

    Then Malédiction.

    And the title, one must recognize it, does not promise precisely a evening of serena holiday.

    Liszt wrote this unique page for piano and strings in the 1930s; he remained unpublished during his life and saw publication only in 1915. The sources even pose an interesting problem on his own identity: concert for piano and strings or more intimate chamber work with piano strongly concert?

    It is this ambiguity that makes it fascinating.

    The young Liszt is not yet the monument of himself.

    It is not yet entirely the prometeic pianist that the century would learn to worship and, sometimes, to fear.

    He's looking.

    The writing is unstable, nervous, travelled by harmonic tensions that seem to want to continually subtract the ground under the listener’s feet.

    And so, after Casella, the piano suddenly changes nature.

    In the first it was part of a constructive organism.

    In Liszt becomes a perturbing force.

    Here modernity does not seek ancient architecture in which to find shelter.

    It seems to want to burn it from the inside.

    The settlement was therefore much less arbitrary than it could appear: Casella and Liszt both question the relationship between individual and sound collectivity.

    Where does the soloist end?

    Where does the ensemble begin?

    When the piano leads, and when it is absorbed?

    Technical questions, certainly.

    But the great concerting forms are always, in the end, even small social metaphors.

    There is an individual.

    There is a community.

    And you have to find a way to make them speak without one destroying the other.


    Marco Taralli: the ancient after the ancient has already happened

    The Small Suite in Ancient Style by Marco Taralli carried the program directly into the present.

    The composition was very fresh: the first absolute execution had happened the day before the Eagle, always with the Solisti Aquilani, Trolton and Campanella; Bologna immediately collected the following.

    But the title already poses an interesting aesthetic problem.

    What does it mean, in 2026, to write "in ancient style"?

    We can no longer do that gesture with the same innocence with which it would be done two centuries ago.

    Between us and the ancient have passed Stravinsky, Casella, Respighi, neoclassicism, postmodernity, philology, historically informed practice.

    The ancient, today, is never only ancient.

    IS the memory we possess of the ancient.

    Taralli then enters a delicate territory: to use a recognizable grammar without turning it into disguise, to make the memory speak without reducing it to nostalgia.

    And that is precisely why his presence in the program made sense.

    Casella had recovered the raft.

    Respighi would have gradually summoned the Botticellian Renaissance.

    Taralli was among these two worlds remembering that the relationship of Italian music with its history has never been peaceful.

    We Italians have a wonderful and terrible problem: we have so much past that we risk continually being owners instead of interlocutors.

    The best music avoids both extremes.

    It does not destroy what came before to prove modern.

    But he doesn't even polish it until he turns it into an overcoat.

    He interrogates him.


    Replies: When Botticelli starts moving

    Then comes the Trittico botticelliano.

    And all that until then had been a speech about memory suddenly becomes color.

    Respighi composes it in 1927 for an organic surprisingly content: flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, horn, trumpet, triangle, bells, celesta, harp, piano and strings. A chamber palette, therefore, far from the orchestral mass of the great Roman pages.

    It's a decisive choice.

    Botticelli doesn't need marble.

    It needs transparency.

    Respighi does not want to paint over The paintings. He wants to find their temporal equivalent.

    Because here lies the deep difficulty of music inspired by painting.

    A painting exists at the same time.

    Music is not.

    The Spring by Botticelli is already entirely in front of us at the moment when we look at her: Mercury, thanks, Venus, Flora, Zefiro.

    Respighi must force us to meet her. in time.

    You have to decide which color will come first.

    What figure should emerge.

    What movement should we imagine?

    In other words, he must perform a small miracle:

    to walk what Botticelli had stopped.


    Spring: do not describe the flowers, but let them be born

    In Spring trilli, tremoli, mobile figurations and reminiscences of ancient dances produce a light writing, continually crossed by small inner motions.

    But speaking only of "descripttivism" would be reductive.

    Respighi is not composing a sound catalog of flowers, trees and nymphs.

    He's translating the quality of the Boticellian movement.

    Let's look at the Three Graces.

    The bodies seem to move and however possess the immovable perfection of the image.

    Music must do exactly this contradiction: advance without losing grace, dance without becoming heavy.

    And this is where a complex like The Solisti Aquilani finds a particularly congenial repertoire to its nature.

    The score demands chamber precision before even power.

    I listen to each other.

    Elasticity.

    Ability to pass the color from one tool to another without the phrase losing continuity.

    The merit of the ensemble lies in recalling how Respighi can be refined when freed from the equivocal according to which it would be only the composer of the great orchestral explosions.

    The Respighi of Threesome Don't raise your voice.

    He paints with the tip of the brush.


    The Adoration of the Magi: when the Renaissance recalls the Middle Ages

    The second picture completely changes the light.

    In theAdoration of the Magi a pastoral writing appears; flute and bassoon also introduce the melody of Come, come Emmanuel, while the instrumentation uses colors that suggest the approach of the caravan and a more dreamed than geographical East.

    And here's a magnificent short circuit.

    We listen to a composer of the twentieth century.

    Look at a painter from the fifteenth century.

    That represents an evangelical scene.

    Using a melody from an even older tradition.

    How many times do they exist at the same time in these few jokes?

    This is the reason why simply talking about "ancient music" and "modern music" sometimes serves nothing.

    In musical memory, time does not go straight.

    It folds.

    Come back.

    He survives.

    A medieval fragment can enter the twentieth century and, without cease to belong to its past, become a new matter.

    Respighi understood this possibility with extraordinary intelligence.

    He did not embalm the ancient.

    He made it ring in the present.


    Venus: the sea before the goddess

    Finally, The Birth of Venus.

    And Respighi makes here perhaps the most poetic choice of the entire triptych.

    Before the goddess, she gives us the sea.

    The arches build a wavering movement; trilli, arpeggi and light timbre oscillations transform the orchestral surface into water. Only progressively emerges a wider reason, tied to the figure of Venus and built through arcaizzanti modal references.

    It's an important detail.

    Respighi does not translate the picture saying: "This is Venus".

    He leads us to her.

    Music becomes waiting for the look.

    First we hear water.

    Then the wind.

    Then something gets up.

    And it is precisely on this page that the small orchestra shows how much color does not depend on the number of instruments, but on the quality of their relationships.

    Celesta, harp, piano, breaths and strings do not simply produce a beautiful sound.

    Building depth.

    Respighi orchestra as a painter who knows the value of space between two colors.

    Transparency is not the absence of matter.

    It is perfectly distributed matter.

    And here the Solisti Aquilani deserve special recognition: a compagine born on the culture of the ensemble naturally possesses that attention to the inner line that the Threesome requires. One of the chronicles following the evening, although very strict on other aspects of the performance, explicitly recognized the quality of the ensemble.

    Davide Trolton was in front of a task far from elementary. A similar program does not require a single directional gesture, but four different ideas of weight, time and articulation: Casella geometry cannot breathe as Liszt; Taralli archaism cannot be treated as the colorism of Respighi. The value of the wand here is measured first of all in the ability not to uniform.

    And entrusting a program so exposed to a young director also means remembering that tradition is not only preserved by entrusting it to those who have known it for decades.

    Store giving it to someone who will still have to take it elsewhere.


    An Italian evening, but not provincial

    In the end, the most interesting data of the Bologna concert was not the presence of four very different composers.

    It was what happened by putting them next to each other.

    Liszt looked ahead.

    Casella looked back to keep moving.

    Taralli asked the old man if he still had something to say.

    Respighi took Botticelli by hand and led it in the twentieth century.

    None of them considered the past a place in which to return to dwell.

    They considered him an interlocutor.

    And this is perhaps one of the central issues of Italian music.

    We inherited such a vast heritage that we could spend entire seasons celebrating it.

    But celebrating is not enough.

    The task of interpretation is another.

    It is necessary to allow a written page to happen again.

    Don't reproduce it.

    Let her take a chance.

    This is where the work of an orchestra becomes really cultural: not when it properly performs the past, but when it manages to subtract it from the condition of the past.

    The Solisti Aquilani, led by an excellent and sensitive Davide Trolton, have led to Bologna this identity: that of an ensemble in which the Cameroon discipline remains the foundation even when the repertoire assumes orchestral dimension. Campanella gave the evening the weight of a long interpretative history; Trolton that of a generation that that story must receive without being crushed.

    And in the end it was Respighi.

    Or maybe Botticelli.

    It is not easy to determine where one ends and the other begins.

    The Spring He kept dancing.

    I Magi continued their journey.

    Venus still climbed from the water.

    Only for one night they no longer needed to be looked at.

    They found another way to exist.

    They became sound.

    And this is perhaps the most serious prodigy of music when it encounters a work of art: don’t illustrate it, don’t explain it, do not overlap her with a sound caption.

    Give her the time that painting had taken her away.

    Botticelli had stopped a moment.

    Respighi put him back in motion.

    And to Manzoni, almost a century later, that movement still had someone willing to continue it.

    Photo Credit: Paolo Perna

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  • The twelve princesses and the empty throne

    When a voice wants to dominate others, even music can begin to die

    by Marialuisa Veneziano

    **********

    🎧 MUSIC FOR LETTURE
    Arnold Schönberg — Variations for Orchestra, op. 31
    Before entering the reign of the twelve princesses, click on the black arrow and press play.
    This time music not only accompanies history: the secret.
    In Arnold Schönberg's Op. 31 Orchestra Variations, the twelve sounds enter a new order, in which no one is called to reign permanently on others. They meet, transform, return in different forms, until they build a sound universe where balance is not born from the dominance of one voice.
    It is the same question hidden behind the empty throne.
    While you read, do not necessarily seek a melody to follow.
    Let the music surprise you.
    Twelve sounds. Twelve princesses. No queen.
    Start listening.
    Then open the door.

    There are thrones scary when they're busy.

    King Aldebrando's name began to make it when he was empty.

    No one would have admitted it, of course.

    The courts have always had an extraordinary ability to attribute decent names to their fears: ambition becomes sense of the state, envy prudence, cowardly moderation and the desire to know who will command tomorrow, when expressed with sufficient gravity, takes the name of concern for the good of the kingdom.

    Thus, in the morning after the death of the ruler, no one said:

    «Who will take the throne?»

    They said:

    «We must ensure the continuity of the Crown.»

    Which, translated into the language of men, meant the same thing.

    The problem was that Aldebrando had not left male children.

    He left twelve daughters.

    And what was worse for those who love simple matters, he loved them all.

    Not the same way — parents who say they love all children in the same way are perhaps sincere, but certainly imprecise — but with that difficult art that consists in understanding that different people need different loves.

    The elder was called Aurelia.

    It was prudent, composed, accustomed for years to hear that one day should assume great responsibility; so he had finished with the assumption even those that no one had entrusted to her.

    Beatrice he possessed a sharp intelligence and the defect, not rare in intelligent people, to use it sometimes when it would be more charitable to leave it in the sheath.

    Cecilia He spoke little, but he remembered everything.

    Diana had such an impetuous character that one day an ambassador had observed that the princess entered the rooms a few seconds before her body.

    Elena He loved the rules.

    Flora He loved people, which often led her to violate the rules established by Elena.

    Geneva He wanted the throne.

    It's good to say it right away.

    Not because she was mean.

    Bad people are much more comfortable in fairy tales: they hurt and save the narrator every explanation.

    Geneva, however, was generous, brilliant, courageous and sincerely convinced that the kingdom would be better under his government.

    It is a conviction that has caused more disgrace in history than pure wickedness.

    Livia He was afraid of everything, but he had the curious ability to be brave when someone else was more afraid of her.

    Matilde He questioned everything, including the need to question everything.

    Black He preferred libraries to the receptions, a choice that was judged in court with the same indulgence reserved to a child's disease, hoped, to pass.

    Ottavia had a prodigious memory.

    And finally there was Purple.

    The youngest.

    So accustomed to being the twelfth that had soon learned a truth that the first born understand much later:

    who comes last to speak, if he has patience, he often hears things that others did not listen.

    When the king was buried, the Crown Council gathered in the Great Hall.

    At the bottom of the hall was the throne.

    Black, very high, with twelve small silver inlays arranged along the back.

    No one's been paying attention to those inlays for centuries.

    It is a common destiny to the things we see every day: they become invisible thanks to their presence.

    In front of the throne was the Chancellor, Marquis Ortensio di Cadenza.

    Ortensio was a lean, accurate and perfectly combed man, who nourished for the order a affection so sincere to distrust everything he had not personally arranged.

    — Height — said turning to Aurelia — according to the custom of the kingdom...

    — My father did not appoint a heir — I interrupted Geneva.

    The Chancellor took a short break.

    — I do.

    — So there is no applicable custom.

    — Princess, customisers have precisely the advantage of being applicable even when no one remembers why they exist.

    Beatrice smiled.

    — It is perhaps the best definition of custom I have ever heard.

    Ortensio ignored her.

    — Princess Aurelia is the major.

    Everyone looked at Aurelia.

    Aurelia watched the throne.

    He could have said yes.

    She had been prepared for years at that time.

    He had learned law, history, economy, diplomacy.

    They taught her how to greet a hostile ambassador, how to receive a terrible news without bleaching and even how long it was appropriate to silence before responding to a declaration of war.

    No one, however, taught her how to sit on her father's throne the day after she was lost.

    — We'll wait — He said.

    Ortensio was almost imperceptible.

    Men who love order tolerate many things.

    Waiting is rarely among these.

    — Will we wait for what?

    Aurelia took from the pocket of the dress a key.

    — This.

    He showed her.

    It was a small silver key that the king had brought to his neck until the last day.

    On the night before his death, he gave it to his eldest daughter, saying only:

    «When everyone is looking for who must be the first, open what I left.»

    Aurelia approached the throne.

    Under his right arm, he found a lock.

    None of them had ever noticed it.

    The key entered.

    He did something.

    A small drawer came out of the back of the throne.

    There were twelve letters inside.

    Everyone was named after a princess.

    And under the letters, a thirteenth envelope.

    No name.

    Aurelia took her.

    On the seal there were few words:

    Geneva raised a eyebrow.

    — Our father kept the sense of theater until the end.

    — We finally know who you inherited it from — said Beatrice.

    Aurelia distributed the letters.

    Every sister opened her own.

    There was silence in the room.

    — Mine contains a note — said Cecilia.

    — Even mine — said Elena.

    — My purse.

    One after the other showed the sheets.

    On each one was written a single name of musical note and a phrase.

    Aurelia reads:

    ♪ — "Don't be the first just because others put you in front of you. "

    Beatrice:

    FA — "The intelligence that humiliates a voice ends up listening only to itself. "

    Cecilia:

    — "Remembering does not mean repeating. "

    Diana:

    SOL — "The force that cannot wait becomes noise. "

    Elena:

    REDES — "One rule is just as long as it protects even those who did not write it. "

    Flora:

    THE — "Listening someone means running the risk of changing your mind. "

    Geneva:

    — "Who wants the center should first wonder who will stay on the margins. "

    Livia:

    REQUEST — "The courage is not to speak first. "

    Matilde:

    — "Doubt your doubt, too. "

    Nerina:

    Yes. — "What is forgotten is not always what is worth less. "

    Ottavia:

    — "Memory becomes prison when it claims that the future resembles the past. "

    Viola last opened.

    FA DIESIS — "What is missing seems small only until it really misses. "

    No one spoke.

    Then Diana said,

    — What does that mean?

    — That our father had become even more enigmatic in recent months — answered Geneva.

    Ortensio cleared his voice.

    — With all due respect to the memory of the sovereign, the kingdom cannot be ruled by a riddle.

    It was then that a retouch came from the tower.

    One.

    Two.

    Three.

    Then a strange sound.

    Like a bell she forgot herself.

    They all raised their heads.

    The master of the bells entered the room a few minutes later, pale.

    — Your Majesty...

    He stopped.

    The throne was empty.

    Not knowing who to turn, he made a collective bow, which was not elegant but had at least the value of impartiality.

    — One of the bells doesn't sound properly anymore.

    — He'll be cracked. — said Ortensio.

    — No, sir.

    — So what does he have?

    The old man hesitated.

    — There's a note missing.

    Beatrice smiled.

    — A bell can't miss a note.

    — Indeed, Your Highness.

    — So what?

    The old man swallowed.

    — The note also disappeared from the others.

    This time nobody smiled.

    The news took a few hours to reach the city.

    The fa diesis He was gone.

    Not fooled.

    Not lowered.

    Not altered.

    Scared.

    The violinists could put their finger exactly where that note was supposed to be and get a sound that slipped elsewhere.

    The organs jumped that point as if there was a broken step on the keyboard.

    The flutes were looking for it and producing only air.

    Even children, trying to sing it, heard the voice drop a semitone before or climb to the next one.

    Of course many declared it was not serious.

    Men have an extraordinary inclination to consider negligible what still does not prevent them from eating.

    — A note on twelve — said a merchant. — 11 left.

    The next day he disappeared another.

    Then a third.

    Then the merchant stopped making calculations.

    The melodies began to deform.

    Popular songs tripped.

    The lullabies had sudden holes.

    A quartet had to stop in half a piece because two instruments could no longer meet.

    The most disturbing thing, however, was not the ugliness of new sounds.

    It was the feeling that the world was shrinking.

    Like a language from which someone erases words once in a while.

    The third night Viola couldn't sleep.

    He took his father's letter.

    FA DIESIS.

    The first missing note.

    He read the sentence.

    What is missing seems small only until it really misses.

    He got up.

    He crossed the corridor.

    The library was dark.

    Nerina was sitting at a table with three lit candles and seventeen open books.

    — You never sleep?

    — I sleep when others stop doing things I have to understand.

    Viola showed her the sheet.

    — The first missing note is mine.

    Nerina remained still.

    Then he called Ottavia.

    Then Cecilia.

    Half an hour after all twelve were in the library, some wrapped in cloaks, others still dressed as night; Diana carried a candle in her hand with the attitude of those who would be perfectly willing to use it as a weapon.

    They put the letters on the table.

    Nerina observed them.

    — Maybe it's not 12 messages.

    — Twelve messages are clear — said Elena.

    — No. Maybe I'm a single message, divided into twelve parts.

    Ottavia took the sheets.

    — What order?

    Geneva answered:

    — In our birth.

    They tried.

    Nothing happened.

    — Perhaps by height — suggested Diana.

    — If our father has entrusted the future of the kingdom to our height, we have greater problems than succession — said Beatrice.

    They tried according to age.

    According to the alphabet.

    According to the layout of the rooms.

    According to the birth day.

    Nothing.

    Viola noticed something.

    — The notes.

    They all turned.

    — I'm not in order.

    Elena sighed.

    — That's obvious.

    — No. I mean: Perhaps the order is the fact that they are not in order.

    Quiet.

    Nerina looked at her.

    Viola took a pencil and transcribed:

    Ottavia counted.

    — No one repeats.

    — All twelve — said Cecilia.

    At that moment the great bell of the tower beat midnight.

    A fourth sound disappeared from the world.

    The day after the princesses called the old chapel master.

    Her name was her. Erasmus and had reached that age in which men are not necessarily wiser, but have at least stopped worrying if someone considers them such.

    He listened.

    He watched the show.

    Then he took off his glasses.

    — Your father had been studying this idea for years.

    Ortensio, present at the meeting, stiffened.

    — What idea?

    Erasm looked at him.

    — That of a music in which no sound could claim for itself the right to be home.

    — A centerless music? — asked Aurelia.

    — Exactly.

    The Chancellor shook the boss.

    — That's absurd. Every order needs a center.

    Erasm smiled.

    — You often confuse the center with who sits on it.

    Ortensio didn't smile.

    — And these notes?

    The master indicated the series.

    — A law. Before a note returns, all the others must have had the right to speak.

    Viola looked at the sisters.

    — "When everyone has spoken. "

    The thirteenth envelope.

    They ran to the throne room.

    Aurelia took her.

    — We all read our letters.

    — But we didn't let the notes speak. — said Cecilia.

    Erasmus nodded.

    In the hall there was an ancient harpsichord.

    Aurelia sat down.

    — In the order?

    — In the order left by the king.

    He waved the Mi.

    Then Fa.

    Do diesis.

    Sol.

    At every sound one of the silver inlays on the throne was illuminated.

    King Diesis.

    La.

    Drink.

    King.

    Bemolle.

    Yeah.

    Do.

    Aurelia arrived at the last.

    It's diesis.

    The key went down.

    No sound.

    The first missing note.

    One of the inlays was turned off.

    The mechanism did not open.

    Ortensio said slowly:

    — We're too late.

    That night the fifth sound disappeared.

    The kingdom began to be afraid.

    And fear, when it does not understand, almost always asks a master.

    People gathered in front of the palace.

    — A queen!

    — Fallen Aurelia!

    — Some governments!

    Others shouted the name of Geneva.

    The Council is divided.

    Ortensio summoned Aurelia in private.

    — You'll be crowned tomorrow.

    — No.

    — Your Highness, the people need a center.

    — The people need the notes back.

    — And they will return when the order will be restored.

    Aurelia looked at him.

    — Are you sure?

    Ortensio just hesitated.

    Too little for anyone else to notice.

    Enough because Aurelia yes.

    — What do you know?

    — What I know is that your father, in recent years, has been seduced by dangerous ideas.

    — What?

    — That twelve voices could rule without anyone before.

    — And you disagreed.

    — I know men.

    — It is a phrase that often pronounce those who stopped trusting them.

    Ortensio got up.

    — A nation is not a musical experiment.

    — Maybe.

    Aurelia fixed it.

    — But this crisis is.

    Nerina, meanwhile, found something.

    Behind an ancient closet of the library there was a door.

    On the wood were engraved twelve lines.

    And on top:

    WHEN THE STRADA DAVANTI A VOI WILL BE CLOSED, CERVE THAT TORNA INDIETRO.

    — Back — Ottavia said.

    He took the show.

    He read it backwards.

    FA♯ – DO – SI – LA♭ – RE – YES♭ – LA – RE♯ – SOL – DO♯ – FA – MI.

    As soon as he spoke the last note, the door died.

    Behind there was a corridor.

    Beatrice looked at the others.

    — Our father undoubtedly had too much free time.

    They came in.

    The passage went down under the palace.

    They arrived at a hall covered with mirrors.

    In the middle was an inscription:

    Don't you dare.
    I mean, you're trying to break up.
    I want you to come up.

    Erasm, who had followed them with the slowness of those who know that puzzles do not become easier running, passed a finger on words.

    — Reversal.

    Elena looked at him.

    — I mean?

    — If a note rises from a range, its image must descend from the same interval.

    Matilde smiled.

    — Even our father had understood that the opposite is not always an enemy. Sometimes it's a road.

    They rebuilt the series.

    It took hours.

    Every mistake turned out the torches of the room.

    Every time they started again.

    Diana lost her patience.

    Elena insisted on a wrong solution for almost half an hour.

    Geneva accused Beatrice of distracting her.

    Beatrice replied that, to distract Geneva from herself, it would have happened much more talented.

    Aurelia beat a hand on the table.

    — Stop!

    Quiet.

    Viola, who had not spoken until then, said:

    — We're doing exactly what our father wanted to stop us.

    — I mean?

    — Everyone just waits for the moment to repeat their own idea.

    No one answered.

    She was irritating.

    And, as often happens to irritating things, it was true.

    That time they tried differently.

    One was talking.

    The others listened.

    A proposal was not rejected until all had understood it.

    They put us less than an hour.

    The central mirror opened.

    Behind them they found a small room.

    And in the room, a tie.

    A sheet was missing on the leggio.

    The twelfth.

    — Someone arrived before us — said Cecilia.

    There were no major investigations.

    There were prints on the powder.

    Ordered.

    Equal.

    And on the floor a small drop of green wax.

    Ortensio sealed all state documents with green wax.

    Geneva paleed.

    — The Chancellor.

    They went up.

    But Ortensio was waiting for her.

    In the Throne Room.

    With the guards.

    And with the crown.

    — Tomorrow at dawn — he said, — Aurelia will be queen.

    — You took the sheet — Nerina said.

    Ortensio did not deny.

    — I destroyed it.

    Viola stepped forward.

    — Why?

    For the first time the Chancellor seemed old.

    — Because I saw a kingdom almost destroyed once.

    The princesses were scurvy.

    — Your grandfather died leaving two heirs. Two, seven years of war. I saw cities burned because two men thought they were both entitled to the same chair. Your father thought that twelve people could rule without a ruler.

    Rise.

    Not with joy.

    — Twelve.

    Geneva looked at the crown.

    — So you made the notes disappear?

    — No.

    Ortensio looked at her.

    — But I knew it would happen.

    — What?

    — Your father showed me the mechanism years ago. He told me that on his death the throne would test the kingdom.

    — And you have hidden the last part.

    — I stopped madness.

    Viola whispered:

    — No. You stopped all the rumors coming to the end.

    Ortensio indicated the throne.

    — That chair held this country for four hundred years.

    Matilde looked at the black chair.

    — Curious. I thought it was people.

    — People need to know who's in charge!

    It was then that Geneva took the crown.

    They all turned.

    He kept it in his hands.

    It was the time she imagined for years.

    The weight of gold.

    The stones.

    The right to be looked at first.

    Ortensio smiled.

    — You understand.

    Geneva observed the throne.

    Then the sisters.

    He slowly approached.

    For a moment he seemed to sit.

    Instead he placed the crown on the pillow.

    — This is the problem — He said.

    Ortensio attacked the forehead.

    — What?

    — That I understand very well.

    He turned toward him.

    — I wanted that chair half my life. And that's why I don't trust what I think when I look at her.

    Aurelia lowered his eyes.

    Beatrice made no jokes.

    It was perhaps the greatest tribute he could make.

    Seven notes were missing at dawn.

    The city sounded like a world that was forgetting its own language.

    The princesses returned to the mirror room.

    The twelfth sheet had disappeared.

    But Ottavia remembered every word read.

    — I saw it — He said.

    — When?

    — Once. Our father kept it on his desk months ago. I didn't know what it was.

    Close your eyes.

    Recited:

    "Anywhere you've gotten into the kites, the retractor and the snatch, don't make a name. "

    — The kingdom — said Aurelia.

    — Our father — said Flora.

    — Freedom — said Matilde.

    — The throne — said Geneva.

    Then he stopped.

    — No.

    Viola looked at her.

    Geneva included before the others.

    — Your voice.

    Quiet.

    In the middle of the room there were twelve small cavities.

    One for each note.

    Erasmus said:

    — Perhaps the last test is not about what you have to play.

    — But what you are willing to give up — said Cecilia.

    One after another, the princesses placed their seals in the cavities.

    When Viola supported the twelfth, the wall opened.

    A climb.

    He wasn't coming down.

    He climbed into the throne.

    They arrived behind the back of the big chair.

    There they found twelve ropes, one for each inlay.

    Eleven were broken.

    One could still resist.

    Ortensio, who had followed her, entered.

    — Stop.

    Viola looked at the rope.

    — If this breaks, the last note will disappear.

    — If you touch her, you could destroy everything!

    Aurelia turned.

    — What if we don't do anything?

    The Chancellor did not answer.

    That was the answer.

    Erasm examined the mechanism.

    — The ropes should not be repaired one by one.

    — So how?

    The old man pointed out twelve little hammers.

    — They must play together in the established succession.

    — But the notes are gone.

    — From the kingdom, yes.

    Erasmus looked at the princesses.

    — Not from you.

    No one knew.

    Then Cecilia brought a hand to her chest.

    The letters.

    The phrases.

    The seals.

    Each of them had received a note.

    They didn't have to play it with an instrument.

    They should have sing it.

    — I can't. — Livia said. — Those notes no longer exist.

    Erasm smiled.

    — They exist in memory.

    Ottavia gave the first sound.

    Uncertain.

    Aurelia followed him.

    One after another they sought their height.

    It was hard.

    Some hesitated.

    Some were too low.

    Others too high.

    Geneva left before his turn.

    The mechanism trembled.

    — Wait! — shouted Viola.

    Geneva did.

    And for the first time in his life he waited for eleven other voices to exist before using his own again.

    Mi.

    Fa.

    Do diesis.

    Sol.

    King Diesis.

    La.

    Drink.

    King.

    Bemolle.

    Yeah.

    Do.

    Fa diesis remained.

    Viola opened her mouth.

    Nothing came out.

    The first missing note.

    The far from memory.

    Ortensio whispered:

    — He can't do that.

    Purple closed his eyes.

    He thought of his father's sentence.

    What is missing seems small only until it really misses.

    Then something happened that no one had predicted.

    The eleven sisters didn't sing for him.

    They didn't help her by giving her the note.

    They remained silent.

    They left her room.

    Viola I'll reject.

    He tried.

    Uncertain sound.

    No.

    Again.

    Closer.

    Then finally:

    It's diesis.

    The twelfth rope lived.

    Nothing happened for a few seconds.

    Then the eleven broken strings began to resonate.

    One after another.

    The whole mechanism moved.

    A bell came from the city.

    Then another.

    A violin from a window.

    A flute.

    A child screaming.

    The notes came back.

    All of them.

    But the throne began to tremble.

    Ortensio yelled:

    — Run!

    A crack crossed the back.

    Then another.

    The crown fell.

    The big black seat opened in two.

    There was no gold in it.

    Not a second crown.

    Neither a document that proclaimed the name of a queen.

    There was only one silver plate.

    And above, the last words of Aldebrando.

    Aurelia reads out loud:

    "If you're going to be here, you're going to be in full swing because I didn't get an IRADE. "

    No one was breathing.

    "By SECLES, we believe that the ORDER is deemed to be one of your co-ordinates to get the other. "

    Geneva lowered its eyes.

    "I've been overwhelmed by the fact that you're a more diffective order. "

    Beatrice continued:

    "Whatever in your life may be able to bury you before all of your other things are done. "

    Viola read the last sentence.

    "The TRONO RESTI VOTO. "

    Under, smaller:

    "No, no, no, no, no.
    But because no one needs to be no stranger to the inside. "

    Ortensio fell into a chair.

    Throughout his life he feared a kingdom without a ruler.

    He looked at the twelve princesses.

    — And who will rule?

    Aurelia smiled.

    — Us.

    — All of them?

    — All of them.

    — That's impossible.

    Beatrice bowed her head.

    — This argument has the defect of having already been denied several times tonight.

    — You'll fight.

    — Of course. — said Matilde.

    — You'll have opposite opinions.

    — We hope so.

    — One will want to talk when another has not finished.

    Geneva smiled bitterly.

    — We'll have to work on this.

    Ortensio looked at the broken throne.

    — And when do you not agree?

    Viola responded.

    — We will start listening from the beginning.

    From that day the throne remained empty.

    It was not destroyed.

    The princesses wanted him to stay in the Great Hall, with the crack still visible.

    To remember.

    Twelve smaller seats were arranged in circles.

    Nobody in front.

    No one behind.

    And, which shocked the older dignitaries, no raised place.

    The twelve sisters ruled.

    They fought a lot.

    It is good to point out.

    Who imagines that equality produces automatically harmony has probably known little equality and even less human beings.

    Aurelia was too careful.

    Diana too fast.

    Elena wanted to regulate even the duration of discussions.

    Matilde wanted to discuss the regulation.

    Beatrice made observations that it would be diplomatically preferable to think only.

    Geneva still had, more than once, nostalgia for the crown.

    And Viola, who had learned the value of the last voice, sometimes forgot that even the last one can become arrogant when he convinces to be the wisest.

    They didn't become perfect.

    They were careful.

    That's more useful.

    They set one rule.

    No important matter could be closed until all twelve had spoken.

    And no one could intervene a second time before the others had their turn.

    The courtiers found the slow system.

    Exasperating merchants.

    Incomprehensible foreign ambassadors.

    Sometimes it was.

    But something happened.

    Decisions began to contain parts of reality that never entered the Throne Room before.

    Livia's fears.

    Matilde's doubts.

    Ottavia's memory.

    Flora's compassion.

    Elena's discipline.

    The ambition of Geneva, which when it could not dominate became energy.

    Even Cecilia's silences.

    The kingdom did not become without conflicts.

    He became unable to pretend that one voice could contain them all.

    Years later, a child visited the palace.

    In front of the great broken throne, he asked:

    — Who's sitting there?

    — Nobody.

    The child seemed surprised.

    — So what's that for?

    The guide hesitated.

    Viola, now adult, was just passing by at that moment.

    He stopped.

    — You need to remember something.

    — What?

    Viola looked at the old chair.

    — That not all that is empty waits to be filled.

    The child does not include.

    As often happens to children, however, he remembered.

    Many years later he would have understood the rest.


    THE MORAL OF THE WORK

    This fairy tale is inspired by dodecafonia, the musical system devised by Arnold Schönberg in which the twelve sounds of the chromatic scale are placed on the same plane: no one has to impose himself permanently as a center, and each has to have his own space before one can return.

    That is why the twelve princesses should not find out who is the best.

    They must understand that the question itself is wrong.

    Harmony is not always born when a voice dominates others.

    Sometimes it is born when all can be heard without anyone being declared useless.

    The sisters are different, just like the twelve notes.

    And their value does not consist in being equal, but in being irreplaceable.

    When a note disappears, music becomes impoverished.

    When a voice is excluded, the world also becomes smaller.

    The empty throne then becomes the most important symbol of the fairy tale: it does not represent a power that is missing, but a center that no one needs to occupy anymore.

    Because sometimes we call "disorder" only an order in which we are no longer in charge.

    And this is perhaps the most difficult lesson of dodecafonia, and also of life: before repeating your voice, make sure all the others have had the right to be heard.


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  • Biennale Musica 2026: what if to listen to the future we should return children?

    From 10 to 24 October Venice hosts "A Child of Sound", the 70th Music Biennial directed by Caterina Barbieri. Not an invitation to naivety, but to something much more difficult: to free your ear for a few moments from what you already think you know.

    by Marialuisa Veneziano


    6 October 2026

    A child doesn't ask if what he's listening to is tonal.

    It does not ask whether it belongs to cultured music, electronics, noise, techno or avant-garde.

    If you hear a ticking door, try to make her claw again.

    If a pot produces an interesting sound, it affects it again.

    If he discovers that his voice changes inside an empty room, he can continue to shout the same syllable until an adult, less interested in acoustics and more to domestic survival, does not intervene.

    Before learning what music is, the child Listen to me.

    And perhaps this is precisely what, growing, we lose.

    We learn names.

    The eras.

    Forms.

    The hierarchy.

    We learn that Beethoven is important, that a symphony possesses movements, that after a dominant we expect a toned, that a violin should produce certain sounds and that, if it starts producing others, someone in the room might think that the time has come to worry.

    We build skills.

    And that's right.

    But together with skills we also build expectations.

    And one day it can happen that instead of listening to what a music is doing, we begin to listen what we think should do.

    It is from this crack that starts the Biennale Musica 2026.

    From 10 to 24 October Venice will host the 70th edition of the International Festival of Contemporary Music, directed by Caterina Barbieri. The title is A Child of Sound: 130 artists, over forty appointments, twenty-three new works, eighteen of which in the first absolute, in a program that openly declares to want to cross epochs, geographies and genres without considering its invaluable boundaries.

    But the title is more interesting than the numbers.

    A child of sound.

    What does that mean?

    And above all, what should an adult listener do with it?


    The adult ear has a problem: he knows too many things

    Caterina Barbieri defines music «the childhood of the spirit» and builds the project of the Biennale around the idea of an original listening: open, not judging, still able to marvel at the sound before classifying it. In his curatorial statement he also recalls Stockhausen, which linked experimentation to the childish ability to play with the sound material.

    Be careful, though.

    We must not transform the child into a mystical creature endowed with a pure hearing that adulthood would inevitably corrupt.

    That's not the point.

    A child also has expectations, memories, preferences. Growing up, learning a musical grammar means acquiring magnificent instruments: recognizing a modulation, perceiving a structure, following a Bach escape or understanding Wagner's harmonic tension greatly expands the experience of listening.

    The problem arises when knowledge stops being a lens and becomes a gate.

    When we say:

    «This is not music.»

    «There is no melody.»

    «I don't know where you want to go.»

    «It's just noise.»

    They are very interesting phrases, because they say much less about the object we are listening to than they say on our system of expectations.

    For centuries Western music has educated the ear to recognize certain relationships: tension and resolution, consonance and dissonance, tonal hierarchies, rhythmic periodicity, thematic development.

    Then the twentieth century began to do something seemingly irritating.

    You asked:

    and if the sound could be organized in other ways?

    If the stamp becomes as important as height?

    If the duration counts more than the melody?

    If a noise had a compositional dignity?

    If the space we listen to was part of the work?

    If the musician doesn't always do something completely established?

    If silence was not a break between two events, but an event itself?

    Contemporary music did not abolish grammar.

    He multiplied the grammars.

    And that is perhaps why it sometimes puts us in trouble.

    We do not yet know which dictionary to use.


    Venice, perfect city to get lost even with ears

    There is then something particularly suitable for all this to happen in Venice.

    Venice is a city that obliges the eye to continually lose the straight line.

    Turn around.

    Go away.

    You cross a bridge convinced to go on one side and you discover, with great dignity, that you were going elsewhere.

    Perhaps even the contemporary ear needs something similar.

    To stop, at least for a while, to claim to know the destination in advance.

    The Biennale has built its own program not as a succession of "newness" opposed to "tradition", but as a network of genealogies.

    And this is one of the most intelligent ideas of the edition.

    On 17 October, in St Mark's Basilica, the Tallis Scholars directed by Peter Phillips will go through almost a millennium of singing: Hildegard von Bingen, Gregorio Allegri, Arvo Pärt and a new commission in Kara-Lis Coverdale. Not four epochs placed politely in four different shelves, but different ways of questioning the relationship between voice, spirituality, memory and acoustic space.

    Let's think.

    Hildegard was born in the 12th century.

    Pärt belongs to our time.

    Coverdale writes today.

    Yet, in St Mark's Basilica, the question can be surprisingly similar:

    what happens to the human voice when it tries to overcome the individual who produces it?

    This is contemporary.

    Not necessarily what was composed yesterday.

    But what can still ask a question today.


    Bach meets Morricone. And neither one needs to ask permission

    One of the most fascinating programs of the Biennale puts in the same space Johann Sebastian Bach, Anton Webern, Ennio Morricone and Sarah Davachi.

    The Park of Contemporary Music Ensemble will propose the Ricercar to six voices of theMusical offer in the famous orchestration of Webern, pages of the Passion according to Matthew, the first public execution Music for an end by Morricone — work for choir and orchestra built around a recording of Pier Paolo Pasolini's voice — and Chanters, new commission of Sarah Davachi for orchestra, chamber choir and organ.

    Looks like a program built by someone who forgot to respect the store departments.

    And that's exactly what makes it interesting.

    Because Webern, when orchestrating Bach, does not "modernize" Bach.

    It does something much thinner.

    It distributes the lines of counterpoint between different stamps, making a structure born from the relationship between the voices also become a structure of colors.

    The melody passes from one instrument to another.

    The counterpoint becomes almost visible.

    Bach remains Bach.

    But the orchestration changes the way our ear enters its architecture.

    It is a perfect example of what a Biennale dedicated to listening should do: not just tell us what to hear, but show us that a same structure can become new when changing the point from which we observe it.

    And next to Bach comes Morricone.

    Not that of the cinematographic melodies now entered the collective imagination, but a Morricone less immediately known, linked to compositional research and to the relationship with Pasolini.

    Then Sarah Davachi.

    His music often works with extended durations, tuning, minimal timbre transformations, psychoacoustic phenomena. This year, the Biennale awarded her the Silver Lion by recognizing a path in which electronics, acoustic instruments, organology and perception coexist.

    Here the "sound child" begins to become understandable.

    We are not asked to forget Bach to be contemporary.

    We are asked to forget, for a moment, the way we're used to listening to him.


    Does the noise have the right to citizenship?

    The Golden Lion for the Career goes to Keiji Haino, a Japanese composer and performer who for over fifty years has crossed noise, free jazz, rock, improvisation, blues, drone and electronics, refusing a stable stylistic position. The Biennale significantly defines it as a «poet of noise».

    Here comes one of the oldest and most entertaining questions of contemporary music:

    When does a noise become music?

    The simplest answer would be: when a composer decides to use it.

    That's not enough.

    Noise becomes musical material when it comes into a relationship.

    When it lasts.

    Intensity.

    Position.

    Stamp.

    Repeat.

    Contrast.

    Memory.

    When what seemed bad is heard as an event.

    It's an extraordinary passage.

    The world doesn't change.

    Change our attention.

    This is what happens when we suddenly realize the rhythm of a train, the intermittent frequency of a siren, the sound of a fan, the resonance of an underpass.

    The child often does this spontaneously.

    The adult immediately asks if all this «Come on.».

    Perhaps because the adult spent many years learning that the value of things must be explained possibly within the end of the meeting.

    Art has the bad vice of not cooperating.


    The sound we can't see

    Also KMRU, Kenyan musician among the central figures of field recording research and electronic composition, will lead to the Biennale ♪, project realized with Nick Verstand and Mareike Bode. The work also uses electromagnetic sounds and builds a multisensory environment in which sound, light and olfactory components participate in a single perceptive experience.

    It is an excellent example of how much the concept itself of "concert" is becoming insufficient to describe some contemporary practices.

    The traditional concert includes something very precise.

    Someone produces music.

    Someone else, sitting, listening.

    The stage indicates where to look.

    The audience indicates where to stay.

    The beginning and the end are recognizable.

    Applauding among the movements of a symphony instead requires a tactical evaluation that still test entire generations of spectators.

    In many contemporary experiences this pact changes.

    The public walks.

    The sound comes from several directions.

    A work can depend on the space in which it is realized.

    Light enters the composition.

    Even the smell can be involved.

    It does not mean that the traditional concert has become obsolete.

    It means listening is not obliged to always possess the same posture.

    The body also listens.

    We've known that forever, actually.

    Just think about the organ in a cathedral.

    A serious note is not only heard.

    You feel physically in space.

    Maybe some avant-gardes just remind us of something that music already knew much before becoming "contemporaneous".


    And then techno comes

    And this is where the program becomes even more interesting.

    In addition to electroacoustic composition, organ, choral music, noise and improvisation, the Biennale also hosts DJ sets and scenes from global dance: from techno to experiences related to the Portuguese label Príncipe to the Singeli di Dar es Salaam. The same inaugural evening of October 10 will pass from Laraaji to the first solos of Kara-Lis Coverdale and Keiji Haino, to conclude with a DJ set of Livwutang.

    Someone might ask:

    but still Biennale Contemporary music?

    The question is legitimate.

    The answer, however, depends on what we mean by contemporary.

    If we mean a clearly defined stylistic category — specialized ensemble, complex scores, institutional electroacoustics — then the program actually seems to widen the fence a lot.

    But if "contemporaneous" means questioning the forms through which today we organize the sound, the picture changes.

    The club culture has developed its own sophisticated concept of duration.

    Techno works on microvariation within the repetition.

    The ambient music changes the relationship between the first floor and the background.

    The drone dilates the perception of time.

    The noise brings density and saturation to the foreground.

    The electronics allows you to directly compose the stamp, instead of considering it only a property of the instrument.

    They're not interchangeable genres.

    And you don't need to pretend they are.

    But they can live in a festival if what connects them is not a supposed sound similarity, but a common question about how we listen.

    This is the biennial bet.

    And it is a much more radical bet than a simple contamination.


    Hildegard next to a DJ: provocation?

    No.

    Or at least, not necessarily.

    The provocation would be to put them together only to get a curious photograph.

    Here the point is another.

    We're thinking about Hildegard von Bingen.

    A medieval monody is born in a world where the modern distinction between author, interpreter, rite and acoustic space does not work exactly as it works today.

    That music lives in a context.

    In a community.

    In an architecture.

    In a conception of time.

    A DJ set also lives in a relationship between sound, space, duration, body and community.

    The analogies end quickly, and it is good that they end.

    But both experiences remind us that music is not necessarily just an object to be observed frontally.

    It can be a situation in which to enter.

    And this is perhaps one of the most challenging aspects of A Child of Sound: forcing us to question not only what we call music, but the way we believe we should stand in front of her.


    «I don't understand contemporary music»

    Perhaps it is the most important phrase of all this article.

    Because it is often pronounced with some kind of embarrassment.

    As if you do not immediately understand a work was a fault of the listener.

    Or, on the contrary, as if it were automatically a composer's fault.

    We could free both sides of this process.

    Do not understand immediately can be a perfectly legitimate experience.

    In front of a music that does not possess the grammar to which we are accustomed, the ear seeks reference points.

    Where does the sentence begin?

    What is the pulse?

    What do I remember?

    What is important?

    It is the same disorientation that we try to enter an unknown city.

    At first everything seems to be equivalent.

    After a few days we distinguish the streets.

    After a few weeks we recognize a square from a detail.

    Listening also works through familiarity.

    For this reason perhaps we should stop demanding from contemporary music something that we do not ask almost any other complex form of knowledge:

    be understood entirely at the first meeting.

    No one opens a philosophy treaty, reads three pages and concludes that philosophy failed because it did not provide enough emotion.

    No one looks at a game of sport that ignores the rules and claims to immediately understand all the strategy.

    With music, instead, we are convinced that emotion should be instantaneous.

    Sometimes it is.

    And it's wonderful.

    Sometimes you have to attend a language.

    Allow him to slowly build within us his own cardinal points.


    Returning children does not mean becoming ignorant

    This is perhaps the greatest risk of the metaphor chosen by the Biennale.

    We could think that listening as children means giving up competence.

    It's not like that.

    The ideal listener is not the one who knows nothing.

    He is perhaps the one who succeeds in know very much without obliging what he hears to confirm what he already knows.

    It's a very difficult condition.

    The musicologist recognizes.

    The musician analyzes.

    The interpreter anticipates.

    But sometimes the rarest experience is to be able to say:

    I still don't know what it is.

    I'm waiting.

    This aspect is a very serious intellectual act.

    It means suspending judgment long enough to allow the object to reveal its own logic.

    A child can listen to the noise of water without immediately asking what its formal function is.

    A composer like Stockhausen can take that same attitude and transform it, through a gigantic technique, into research.

    Authentic artistic innocence is not lack of knowledge.

    IS the ability not to become prisoners of his knowledge.


    Can music heal?

    Caterina Barbieri also attributes a cathartic function to the sound, describing music as a possibility of transformation and reconnection, and connects this idea both to childhood and to Hildegard von Bingen.

    It's a delicate soil.

    Music is not a medicine in the clinical sense of the term.

    A symphony does not replace therapy.

    A concert does not automatically solve pain.

    And it would be unfair to charge the art of a saving task that no work could guarantee.

    But there is another form of transformation.

    Music can give shape to what was first just confusion.

    It can allow a pain to become shareable experience.

    You can stop the automatism of the day for a few minutes.

    It can change the quality of our attention.

    And sometimes this is a lot.

    It doesn't eliminate what hurts us.

    But it can prevent pain from being completely devoid of language.

    Maybe this is the most credible catarsis.

    Don't be saved from sound.

    Being, for some time, accompanied within it.


    A Golden Lion to Noise, a Silver Lion to Slowness

    The two main awards seem to tell this philosophy well.

    Keiji Haino, Golden Lion, represents the radicality of the gesture, improvisation, the crossing of genres, the sound matter brought to the limit.

    Sarah Davachi, Leone d’Argento, works on durability, stamp, almost imperceptible transformations, tuning and resonance.

    Two seemingly opposite ways.

    Noise and waiting.

    The saturation and concentration.

    The explosion and slowness.

    Yet both ask the same thing to the listener:

    presence.

    Haino can force us not to escape the power of sound.

    Davachi can force us to perceive such a slow transformation that, if we stop paying attention, we no longer know when it happened.

    It is interesting that a Biennale dedicated to the "bambino di suono" awards two artists so different.

    Because a child does not necessarily seek noise.

    It can also be fascinated by something very small.

    A vibration.

    An echo.

    A sound that slowly disappears.

    No wonder depends on the volume.

    It depends on the ability to notice.


    Perhaps the problem is not contemporary music

    Then we come to the most uncomfortable question.

    What if the problem of contemporary music was not just the difficulty of its languages?

    And if it were the speed of our listening?

    We live in a system that we get used to deciding quickly.

    I like it.

    I don't like it.

    Jump.

    Come on.

    Again.

    A song must convince us before the thumb reaches the screen.

    A video is judged in the first seconds.

    Even musical listening has often become a succession of micro-decisions.

    Search music can behave very badly in this system.

    It can take ten minutes before something happens.

    It can make it happen very much without that we immediately know where to look.

    It can build its own form through transformations that require memory.

    He can even refuse to offer us a climax.

    In algorithmic terms, a disaster.

    In human terms, perhaps an opportunity.

    Because it forces us to exercise a faculty that is likely to become rare:

    Stay.

    Not because everything that is difficult is necessarily beautiful.

    It's not.

    There is extraordinary contemporary music and forgetable contemporary music, just as there are nineteenth century sublimation symphonies and others that history had good reasons to attend less.

    Opening does not mean abolishing judgment.

    It means to postpone it enough to be able to base it on experience instead of prejudice.

    And it's a huge difference.


    A Child of Sound

    Perhaps this is the most beautiful provocation of the Biennale Musica 2026.

    Don't ask us to love everything.

    It would be impossible and also terribly boring.

    Don't ask us to pretend to understand.

    Do not turn the avant-garde into a new orthodoxy in which people who do not appreciate enough a forty-minute drone should be expelled from the consession of culturally presentable beings.

    Much more simply:

    try to listen before you decide.

    From 10 to 24 October Venice will put in the same sound landscape Hildegard and techno, Bach and electronics, Morricone and Pasolini, radical improvisation, organs, field recordings, club cultures, renaissance voices, first absolutes and old music of centuries.

    Not because everything is the same.

    On the contrary.

    Because everything is different.

    And listening precisely means learning to distinguish without immediately turning the difference into a hierarchy.

    Maybe growing musically is not just about accumulating repertoire.

    Know more composers.

    Recognize more forms.

    Have more records.

    Knowing finally explaining to friends because that cadence is not exactly what they believe.

    Maybe there's a second kind of maturity.

    Harder.

    What comes when, after learning a lot, we are still able to amaze us.

    When we can get into a hall and don't know in advance what we have to try.

    When a noise can still turn our heads around.

    When a well-maintained note long enough ceases to seem motionless and we begin to hear all the little things that are changing within it.

    When in front of an incomprehensible music we do not immediately say:

    «It's not for me.»

    But:

    «Wait. Let me hear again.»

    Maybe this is the sound child.

    Not someone who doesn't know the world yet.

    Someone who, despite knowing him, did not stop giving him the chance to surprise him.

    And maybe that's what a Biennale should do.

    Don't tell us where the music is going.

    Nobody knows.

    But put us for a few days in the most fertile condition possible:

    in front of something we have not yet learned to call by name.

    And have the courage to listen to him before the name comes.

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  • Kalinnikov: a melody, four movements, a life

    Today's listening: Vasilij Kalinnikov – Symphony No. 1 in a minor sol

    by Marialuisa Veneziano


    Before you start music

    There are composers who seem to have had all the time in the world.

    Long career. Ten years of research. The possibility of correcting, rethinking, starting again.

    And then there is Vasilij Kalinnikov.

    Born in 1866, died in 1901, a few days before thirty-five years. A life crossed by economic difficulties, illness and talent that still managed to find his voice.

    When he composes his First Symphony, between 1894 and 1895, he is in Jalta, Crimea, where he moved to hope that the climate can alleviate tuberculosis.

    We do not imagine, however, a music necessarily folded on suffering.

    That would be too simple.

    And a little unfair.

    Because when the orchestra attacks, something surprising happens.

    The melody opens.

    Breathe.

    He stretches.

    It seems to want to go through a much larger space than life has given its author.

    And here comes the first question of our Sunday:

    can a man know deeply the fragility and, at the same time, write a music that seems in love with life?

    Kalinnikov does not give us a philosophical answer.

    He gives us a symphony.

    And maybe that's much better.


    🎧 Open listening. Then he keeps reading

    This page is designed to be read with music next door.

    To accompany our guide, I propose the recording of the USSR State Symphony Orchestra conducted by Evgenij Svetlanov, available on YouTube with the synchronized score. It is particularly useful because it allows you to visually follow the orchestral writing, in addition to listening to it.


    (click on the black arrow to make the listening appear)

    Start the music.

    And for a few moments don't try to understand everything.

    Just let the first melody reach you.

    Because she's the one who's coming back.

    And when he does, he won't be exactly the same.


    Inside the score

    When four movements become one story

    The First Symphony is in a minor sol and is divided into the four movements of the nineteenth century symphonic tradition. But its most significant building principle is the cyclical form: the thematic material of previous movements returns to the Final, undergoing transformations that give the whole composition a sense of unity.

    A fundamental detail: we pass from the initial minor to the final major.

    It is not enough, alone, to tell the whole musical story, but it is an important element of the expressive journey.

    The shade preserves its fundamental.

    Changes the way the fundamental one is illuminated.

    And this is exactly what I want to invite you to listen.


    I. Allegro Moderate

    The birth of a melody

    From the beginning to 14:12

    The symphony begins without a long introduction.

    The main theme is presented by the arches in unison.

    It is a wide, cantabile melody, with an immediate recognizable profile, which recalls the breath of the Russian melodic tradition.

    We have no impression that the orchestra is simply announcing an idea.

    It looks like he found a voice.

    Observe the way the phrase stretches: it does not proceed through small isolated fragments, but builds an arc that asks for space to develop.

    Writing lets emerge that quality that we often associate with the great Russian symphony: a cantability capable of preserving an almost popular dimension without sacrificing culture.

    But Kalinnikov is not limited to repeating a pleasant melody.

    The first movement adopts the form-sound.

    After the presentation of the first theme group, there is a second idea, more relaxed and lyrical, also entrusted to the arches, with the coloristic contribution of the wood. It follows a development in which the material is reworked also through counterpointing procedures.

    Here it is important to distinguish two levels.

    The melody involves us emotionally.

    The form, however, organizes that involvement in time.

    The listener recognizes, loses, finds, waits.

    In other words, it begins to remember.

    And a symphony that can make us remember something while we are still listening to it has already established a relationship with us.

    🎧 Listen to this.

    During the first movement, try to distinguish three moments:

    • The initial theme display: store the profile.
    • The arrival of the second idea: known how the character changes, especially in greater melodic distension.
    • The return of the initial material: listen to what was recognizable after development.

    Don't just look for a beautiful melody.

    Look for a melody that can become a memory.

    Because the Final will need it.


    II. Commode Andante

    The delicacy of what continues to live

    From 14:12 to 21:41

    If the first movement is a great landscape, the second seems to narrow the frame suddenly.

    We are no longer in front of a horizon.

    We're close to something.

    Maybe a person.

    Maybe a memory.

    The Andante opens with an obstinate of the harp and the first violins, accompanied by descending agreements that change color through the distribution between the different orchestral sections.

    The English horn contributes to the initial atmosphere; then the oboe has a wide and tender melody, supported by the pizzicati of the arches.

    Let's stop here.

    Because this is an orchestration lesson.

    The obstinate is not only a form of accompaniment.

    Creates a sound environment in which the theme can appear.

    It is like a light that remains constant while objects, crossing it, acquire different colors.

    The composer uses the transparency of the staff to make us feel every instrumental input.

    The oboe must not force itself.

    Just start singing.

    And yet we are not in front of a simple contemplative page.

    The melody is expanded, resumed and transformed; the movement crosses contrasting harmonic regions before rediscovering its initial atmosphere.

    The tenderness here is not the absence of tension.

    It consists in the possibility to cross it without losing the ability to sing.

    And maybe that's why the movement moves us.

    Because he doesn't want to convince us that everything is simple.

    It makes us feel something delicate that continues to exist even when harmony moves away from its stability.

    🎧 Listen to this.

    Focus on the entrance of the oboe.

    Then pay attention to what happens when the melody is resumed and distributed differently between the instruments.

    Don't just listen to the notes.

    Listen to the way things change when the voice changes.

    Keep this theme in your memory.

    In the Final we will find it in an amazing outfit.

    And there we will understand how Kalinnikov is capable of transforming an idea through the orchestration.


    III. I'm kidding. Allegro not too much

    Life, fortunately, does not always proceed at the tip of feet

    From 21:41 to 29:23

    And here we are at the third movement.

    After so much intimacy, Kalinnikov decides that it is time to move.

    The orchestra changes attitude.

    The rhythm acquires energy.

    The writing recalls the character of popular dance, with accents and figurations that give the movement a very Russian imprint.

    The Scherzo is not, however, a purely decorative episode.

    Its structure is ternary: an energetic initial section, a contrasting central trio and the return of the Scherzo. The Trio also has its own internal joint, with a liric melody entrusted to the wood, especially to the oboe.

    Again, Kalinnikov works on the contrast.

    Movement and suspension.

    Energy and singing.

    Dance and melancholy.

    And it is interesting to note that you do not need to continually invent new material to get variety.

    Wealth is born above all from the treatment of ideas.

    The same orchestra that just before seemed to contemplate an interior landscape now possesses an almost bodily energy.

    And here we can give ourselves a little observation.

    Symphonic music is often presented as a spiritually high activity, to be tackled possibly with a very serious expression.

    Kalinnikov, fortunately, reminds us that spiritual elevation can also feel like dancing.

    🎧 Listen to this.

    It identifies the contrast between the external sections and the central trio.

    When the initial material returns, ask yourself:

    Do I perceive it exactly as before?

    Or did the lyrical bracket change the way I listen to that same energy?

    It's a simple question.

    But it takes us to the heart of the entire symphony.

    Returning does not necessarily mean repeating.


    IV. Final: Allegro Moderate

    When memory becomes future

    From 29:23 to the conclusion

    And here we are at the decisive point.

    The Final begins with the theme material of the opening of the symphony.

    The melody we had heard at first is back here.

    But now it is in a different context: Kalinnikov introduces new ideas and recalls material from the previous movements, integrating it into a construction that leads to the conclusion in greater depth.

    This procedure has a precise name.

    Cyclic form.

    A technique that crosses the romantic symphony and that allows to establish thematic relationships between different movements.

    But stopping at the technical definition would be reductive.

    Because what happens in the Final is not a simple demonstration of compositional skills.

    It is a change of perspective.

    Regarding the second movement.

    That melody entrusted to the oboe seemed to belong to a delicate, almost private world.

    Now listen to what happens when some previous materials are taken from orchestral groups, until they are proclaimed by the brass.

    The melodic idea is not erased.

    It's enlarged.

    What was intimate before acquires a collective dimension.

    It is a transformation especially timbre and dynamic, as well as formal.

    The composer changes the sound body through which a theme is perceived.

    As if a thought, born in solitude, suddenly found the possibility of being pronounced before the world.

    And here music offers us one of his most fascinating paradoxes.

    You don't always need to change your mind to change your meaning.

    Sometimes it's enough the same idea to experience different experiences.

    🎧 Listen to this: the great return

    In the Final he looks for three moments.

    First, recognize the theme of opening. You will notice that the composer wants to bring you back to the point where everything started.

    Second, listen to the return of the lyric material. Pay attention to the different orchestral distribution and the way in which the timbric expansion changes its character.

    Third: follow the last progression towards the conclusion. Do not listen to it only as an increase in volume: observe how the thematic material and the shade contribute to building the sense of arrival.

    This is where the final sol major assumes its expressive function.

    It's not just a bright deal.

    It is the point of arrival of a path.


    The note remains

    There are melodies that come back because we haven't finished understanding them yet.

    Perhaps this is what makes Kalinnikov's First Symphony so interesting.

    Its thematic material does not remain immovable.

    Cross movements, harmonies, logs, instruments.

    Whenever he returns, he forces us to listen to him again.

    Isn't that what happens to us?

    We return to the places where we were happy.

    We listen to a song that belonged to another season.

    We find a person after many years.

    We think we're meeting something we already know.

    And instead we find that we have changed in the meantime.

    The place is the same.

    The song is the same.

    Maybe even the words are the same.

    But we're not the same listeners anymore.

    Kalinnikov musically builds something similar.

    The initial melody is preserved, but the context in which reappearance transforms our perception.

    We must not necessarily interpret this path as a victory over suffering.

    That would be too convenient.

    The composer's life reminds us that reality does not always have a major Final.

    The symphony, however, can offer us something that reality does not guarantee.

    A form.

    A chance to recompose what seemed lost.

    A way to find a sense of continuity through memory.

    And maybe that's what music is for.

    Not only to tell what happens to us.

    But to show us how the things we have lived can continue to transform within us.


    🔎 One thing to know

    A first performance to remember

    Symphony No. 1 was presented in Kyiv in 1897, under the direction of Aleksandr Vinogradsky.

    Success was such that the public asked the bis of the second and third movement. The composition was also performed in other European cities.

    Let's picture the scene.

    A young composer, sick, away from the great musical centers.

    A symphony that finally reaches the audience.

    And the listeners who, after hearing two movements, ask to listen again.

    Today, the bis of a whole symphonic movement could seriously challenge the organization of a concert season.

    But at that moment it had to be something extraordinary.

    Not just a success.

    The confirmation that that music, born in such difficult conditions, had found someone willing to welcome it.

    There is also a later curiosity: in 1943 Arturo Toscanini directed the First Symphony with the NBC Symphony Orchestra, contributing to its diffusion through an American radio broadcast.

    Another proof of the ability of the score to cross different eras and contexts.


    Take him with you

    When the last deal is over, try to remember the first.

    That initial melody.

    His breath.

    Its apparent simplicity.

    Then think about the path you have completed.

    It passed through the development of the first movement.

    He left room for the delicacy of the Andante.

    He met the energy of Scherzo.

    Finally, she's back.

    Not to take us back.

    But to show us how far we have gone.

    Maybe this is the best lesson in the symphony.

    Not everything that comes back leads us back to the past.

    Some things come back just to allow us to move on.

    A music.

    A person.

    A memory.

    Part of us who thought we were lost.

    And that one day we recognize, almost without waiting for it, in a new form.

    Kalinnikov had no long life.

    But he left us a music capable of suggesting that life is not the only measure of existence.

    It also counts what we can make resound.

    What we deliver.

    What keeps reaching someone when we can't do it anymore.

    His first symphony ends up on a greater scale.

    The melody finds its fulfillment.

    And we, who followed her, can take away a little musical certainty.

    Sometimes life does not return what we have lost.

    But he can teach us to listen differently to what is left.


    🎧 One last listening

    Before closing the page, go back to the beginning of the symphony.

    Only listen to the first theme.

    You know him now.

    You know where he's coming.

    You know that melody will go through time and return transformed.

    And maybe it'll look different.

    It is the small miracle of cyclic form: the last page can change the way we listen to the first.



    An answer to "Kalinnikov: a melody, four movements, a life"

    1. Avatar
      Anonymous

      Appropriate analysis.

    Leave a comment

  • The silver moth and the lost name

    Before dawn, a name should have shown that it deserves the future

    by Marialuisa Veneziano

    ***********

    🎧 MUSIC FOR LETTURE
    Carl Maria von Weber: Grand Duo concertant, op. 48, for clarinet and piano
    Let the clarinet accompany you in the misty Paris of Madame Oblio, among enlightened workshops, names that disappear and promises entrusted to time.
    Weber writes for the clarinet as if it were a human voice: he can rest, tell, linger in the shadows and then suddenly open to light.
    It's not just an accompanying music
    It's almost a second voice of the fairy tale.
    Start music. Then he starts reading.

    (Click on the black arrow to make the listening appear).

    In Paris, in some winters, the fog had the bad taste to enter everywhere.

    He entered the doors, clinged to the wheels of the carriages, hung the glasses, shoved in the collars and made the lamps so pale that they seemed to apologize for failing to illuminate better.

    In the evening, in the most laborious districts, the workshops closed one after another.

    The shoemaker turned off the lamp.

    The libraio took the stand.

    The baker covered the remaining bread.

    Even the horses, at a certain hour, seemed to beat the hoofs with less conviction.

    But there was a small shop that often remained lit longer than the others.

    Out of that shop, strange noises came out.

    A scrape.

    Light shot.

    Madame Oblio had learned something that even time alone could not teach her. There are names that want to be remembered. And there are names that accept responsibility.

    Metallic dye.

    Then silence.

    Then a note.

    Sometimes one.

    Long.

    Sure.

    Like someone was trying the voice of a creature still without a name.

    The shop belonged to the Buffet family.

    And there were clarinets.

    Jean-Louis Buffet was a man who couldn't do anything quickly.

    Which in Paris was already a form of rebellion.

    He had strong hands, an apron almost always covered with wood dust and the annoying habit of rechecking something just when everyone else was convinced it was over.

    A screw could be narrow.

    Jean-Louis checked her again.

    A key could work.

    Jean-Louis still tried.

    A hole could be well calibrated.

    Jean-Louis measured it again.

    His apprentice, a thin boy called Étienne, found him exasperating.

    — Monsieur Buffet — said an afternoon, while outside it rained for three hours and inside the shop also the stove seemed tired — That key works.

    Jean-Louis did not raise his eyes.

    — Yes.

    Étienne waited.

    — Then why are you dismantling her?

    — Because it works pretty well.

    — Doesn't that mean well?

    Jean-Louis stopped.

    He looked at the boy.

    — No.

    — I thought so.

    — That's why you're still an apprentice.

    Étienne sighed.

    Jean-Louis smiled.

    Then he showed him the key.

    — Look at this.

    — I don't see anything.

    — That's right.

    — Exactly what?

    — The defect is so small that perhaps the musician will never know that it exists.

    Étienne enlighted himself.

    — Then we can leave him.

    Jean-Louis was serious.

    — That's exactly what we don't have to do.

    The boy fixed it.

    — Why?

    Jean-Louis supported the instrument on the counter.

    — Why do something good only when someone can notice it is not a job.

    He took a break.

    — It's vanity.

    Étienne, who was fifteen years old and considered vanity a much less serious problem than hunger, did not seem entirely convinced.

    But he did.

    Outside, in the rain, a woman dressed in gray had stopped walking.

    He had heard every word.

    Then resumed the path.

    Her name was Madame Oblio.

    Of course no one knew if it was his real name.

    The elders claimed that no one was born with a similar name.

    The children, on the other hand, felt perfectly possible to be born already by calling Oblio, especially if you had the air of that woman.

    Madame Oblio was tall.

    Very high.

    And so thin that, when it crossed a alley immersed in the fog, it seemed a line of ink drawn on the wrong page.

    He was wearing a ash dress.

    Not light grey.

    Not silver.

    Ash.

    The silk fell heavy to the saddle and seemed to absorb the light instead of reflecting it.

    The skirt was wide, the severely narrow bust, the long sleeves.

    He was wearing a high black lace on his neck.

    On the shoulders, a dark velvet cape.

    In the throat, a silver pin shaped like a moth.

    The hands were always covered with ivory gloves.

    Always.

    Even in summer.

    Even at home.

    Even when he wrote.

    From a wide-stitched hat a thin veil descended.

    Behind it was a pale, almost motionless face.

    But the eyes looked good.

    They were gray.

    Not strict.

    Not cruel.

    Simply old of too many things seen.

    Eyes used to observe men declare eternal what would last a season.

    Madame Oblio was carrying a small black bag.

    Inside there were a white rubber, a transparent ink bowl, a pair of silver scissors and a huge register.

    On the cover was engraved:

    We know that the world has a lot to do with it.

    Madame Oblio didn't like to explain his job.

    If someone asked her, she would say,

    — I'm ordering.

    It was an answer that could mean everything.

    And it meant a lot.

    Madame Oblio erased the names.

    As soon as the dead.

    It would have been too easy.

    Waiting.

    One year.

    Ten.

    One hundred.

    When a name survives only because someone claimed to survive, Madame Oblio came.

    He erased the signature of those who loved the glory of the work more.

    The title of those who ruled only to be celebrated.

    The initial of those who wanted to be remembered without leaving anything useful to anyone.

    He didn't like it.

    He didn't feel remorse.

    He said:

    — Time is not cruel. It's selective.

    And nobody dared to ask her who gave her the right to decide.

    Maybe because, in the end, everyone was afraid of the answer.

    In the same winter when Madame Oblio listened to Jean-Louis speaking to his apprentice, Zoé Crampon entered the workshop for the first time.

    Zoé did not look like a person destined to change the story of something.

    Which, as often happens, was a great start.

    He had bright eyes, plum-colored gloves and a laughter that always came half a second before what good education would recommend.

    Jean-Louis proudly showed her the workshop.

    He showed her the wood.

    The tools.

    The keys.

    The instruments finished.

    Zoé nodded.

    — Interesting.

    — Just interesting?

    — Very interesting.

    — Worse.

    She laughed.

    Then he stopped in front of a bench full of small components.

    He took a tiny screw.

    — What about this?

    — You need to fix a key.

    — If she misses?

    — The mechanism would work badly.

    Zoé observed it.

    — So one thing nobody sees can ruin everything.

    Jean-Louis looked at her.

    — Basically, yes.

    She put her life back in her place.

    — It's a good lesson.

    — It's a life.

    — Small things give excellent lessons. The important men, much less.

    Jean-Louis didn't know what to answer.

    It was the first of many times when Zoé had the last word.

    A few days later Jean-Louis made her listen to a new instrument.

    A clarinetist came to the shop.

    Mounted the instrument.

    I'll inspire.

    He wrote a sentence.

    Jean-Louis was satisfied.

    Zoé no.

    — There is something.

    The clarinetist smiled.

    — Madame is a musician?

    — No.

    Jean-Louis sighed.

    — Exactly.

    Zoé gave him a look.

    — You still play.

    The man sounded.

    Zoé raised a finger.

    — Here.

    — What?

    — That note.

    Jean-Louis took the instrument.

    — It's plastered.

    — I didn't say it wasn't.

    — So?

    Zoé sought the word.

    — It's held.

    Jean-Louis attacked the front.

    — A note cannot be held.

    — That's right.

    The clarinetist still played.

    Jean-Louis listened more carefully.

    And finally he heard.

    A little resistance.

    Almost nothing.

    He dismantled the clarinet.

    He controlled the mechanism.

    He was running a tiny detail.

    The musician repeated.

    The note changed.

    Not high.

    Freedom.

    Zoé smiled.

    — Now breathe.

    Jean-Louis looked at her longer than she needed.

    And it was so, without castles, without dragons and without celestial violins, that began a great love story.

    They married in 1836.

    Marriage was cheerful and imperfect.

    An uncle drinks too much.

    A child slept under a table.

    A violinist jumped a whole musical phrase, but it was so bad that no one could prove it was really missing.

    Zoé laugh.

    Jean-Louis watched her laugh.

    He thought he'd be happy to listen to that sound for the rest of his life.

    Of course he didn't.

    The men of the nineteenth century, like those of any other century, were able to build very complicated things and to fail miserably in front of a simple phrase.

    A few days later Jean-Louis brought a new wooden table into the shop.

    On it was engraved:

    BUFFET

    Zoé observed it.

    — Nice.

    Jean-Louis stiffened.

    — What?

    — Nothing.

    — When you say "nice" in that way there is always something.

    Zoé took a piece of charcoal.

    Next to the word Buffet wrote:

    CRAMPON

    Jean-Louis was silent.

    Now it was written:

    BUFFET CRAMPON

    — It's long — He said.

    — Even a good marriage.

    — It's my family's name.

    Zoé nodded.

    — I know.

    — The shop was born like this.

    — I know.

    Jean-Louis looked at her.

    — So?

    Zoé planted the charcoal.

    — I don’t want to erase what was there before me.

    Then he named the second name.

    — I want to see if a story, to continue, must remain identical.

    Jean-Louis did not answer.

    Outside, a carriage passed by lifting mud splashes.

    Zoé still looked at the table.

    — Perhaps an inheritance is not something to store under glass.

    — What is it?

    — Something to add your own piece without destroying that of others.

    Jean-Louis observed the two names.

    For the first time he did not see two surnames.

    He saw two directions that met.

    She did not know that, on the other side of the road, Madame Oblio was still under a lamp.

    And he was watching that table.

    That night Madame Oblio returned home.

    If the house could be called.

    It was an apartment on the third floor of a building that no one remembers seeing building.

    The walls were covered with shelves.

    There were records on the shelves.

    Thousands.

    Madame Oblio lit one lamp.

    Sit down.

    He opened the great book.

    He was looking for the B.

    Buffet.

    Nothing.

    Then C.

    Crampon.

    Nothing.

    He took the pen.

    He kept her suspended.

    He didn't write.

    — We'll see. — I'll bite.

    Then closed the book.

    The next morning, only one word remained on the table.

    BUFFET

    Crampon was gone.

    Not bad deleted.

    Not scraped.

    Scared.

    Zoé first noticed.

    — Jean-Louis.

    — What?

    — Come here.

    He came.

    He looked.

    — You canceled?

    Zoé slowly lifted his eyes.

    Jean-Louis immediately realized that he asked the wrong question.

    — Sorry.

    They rewrite the name.

    The next morning, Buffet disappeared.

    He was alone:

    CRAMPON

    The third day both disappeared.

    This time Jean-Louis said nothing.

    He took the charcoal.

    He rewrites them.

    Then forgetfulness began.

    A supplier entered.

    — Good morning, monsieur...

    He stopped.

    Jean-Louis knew him for years.

    — Buffet.

    Man roasted.

    — Of course.

    The next day a neighbor met Zoé on the street.

    — Madame...

    Quiet.

    — Crampon.

    — Sorry.

    But the worst thing happened one night.

    Zoé was writing a letter.

    He arrived at the signature.

    Zoé C...

    The pen stopped.

    Jean-Louis saw her whiten.

    — What's going on?

    Zoé kept fixing the sheet.

    — I don't remember.

    — What?

    — My last name.

    Jean-Louis laugh.

    She's not.

    — I don't remember my last name.

    Five long seconds passed.

    Then the word came back.

    — Crampon.

    Zoé put the pen.

    That night neither of us slept well.

    At midnight the bell ringed.

    Jean-Louis went down.

    Opened.

    Madame Oblio was in front of the door.

    The fog moved behind her as a tent.

    The ash dress.

    Gloves.

    The silver moth.

    The veil.

    — Good evening.

    — Who are you?

    — Depends on how much you have to lose.

    Jean-Louis did not appreciate the answer.

    Zoé came behind him.

    Madame Oblio entered.

    He didn't ask.

    He approached the sign.

    — Buffet Crampon.

    He slowly pronounced the two names.

    Like she was weighing them.

    Then he opened the bag.

    He extracts the register.

    He put it on the counter.

    Jean-Louis read the cover.

    We know that the world has a lot to do with it.

    — She is. — whispered Zoé.

    Madame Oblio looked at her.

    — Do we know each other?

    — No.

    — So how do you know?

    Zoé looked down on the white rubber.

    — Intuition.

    Madame Oblio smiled.

    — Dangerous quality.

    Jean-Louis stood in front of the table.

    — What do you want?

    — An answer.

    — What question?

    Madame Oblio touched the word Buffet.

    — Why should this stay?

    Jean-Louis answered immediately:

    — It's my father's name.

    — I didn't ask.

    — He founded this workshop.

    — Many shops close.

    — He's worked his whole life.

    — Many do.

    Jean-Louis ate.

    Madame Oblio directed Crampon.

    — What about this?

    Zoé looked at her.

    — It's my name.

    — I see.

    — It's a new story.

    — All stories are new at first.

    Zoé squeezed his lips.

    Madame Oblio looked both.

    — You think a name deserves to live because it belongs to you.

    No one answered.

    — It's a common mistake.

    He opened the book.

    — My shelves are full of people thinking the same.

    Jean-Louis stiffened.

    — You won't have these names.

    Madame Oblio smiled.

    — Not yet.

    He extracted a small silver watch.

    — You have until dawn.

    — To do what?

    — Convince me that these two words mean something even for those who are not you.

    Jean-Louis looked at Zoé.

    — What if we can't?

    Madame Oblio took the gum.

    — No one will remember that they ever existed in the morning.

    Then he went out.

    Jean-Louis spent the first time searching for arguments.

    — My father.

    Zoé shook his head.

    — You already told her.

    — The shop.

    — Also.

    — The instruments.

    — Too generic.

    — Quality.

    — Sounds like an advertising sign.

    Jean-Louis looked at her badly.

    Zoé sat down.

    — We're wrong.

    — What?

    — We're trying to explain why we deserve to be remembered.

    — That's exactly what he asked us.

    Zoé shook the boss.

    — No.

    — Zoé...

    — He asked us what these names mean for those who are not us.

    Jean-Louis ate.

    Zoé directed an incomplete clarinet.

    — Finish it.

    — Now?

    — Now.

    — A few hours till dawn!

    — Exactly.

    — And that should save our name?

    Zoé looked at him.

    — Stop saving him.

    Jean-Louis fixed it.

    — What?

    — Since that woman came, you don't think about the clarinet anymore.

    — I'm trying to avoid forgetting my last name!

    — Exactly.

    Zoé got up.

    — And if to save the name stop doing well what that name should represent, then Madame Oblio has already won.

    Quiet.

    Jean-Louis looked at the counter.

    Wood.

    The keys.

    The instruments.

    Then he took off his jacket.

    He wore the apron.

    And it started.

    The night left.

    Jean-Louis worked.

    Zoé listened.

    Étienne was awake and sent for a lamp.

    — At this hour? — protested.

    — At this hour.

    — Are we crazy?

    — Probably.

    — Good. I just wanted to know.

    They worked.

    An almost perfect key was dismantled.

    A buffer replaced.

    A lightened spring.

    At some point, Étienne dismissed.

    — Monsieur Buffet, no one will ever know that we spent half an hour on that life.

    Jean-Louis stopped.

    He looked at him.

    Then he smiled.

    — That's right.

    Zoé lowered his eyes to hide his smile.

    Just before dawn the instrument was ready.

    He wasn't decorated.

    It wasn't extraordinary to see.

    He had nothing theatrical.

    It was just fine.

    Madame Oblio arrived with the first clairvoy.

    — Time.

    Jean-Louis gave her the clarinet.

    She looked at him.

    — Is this your subject?

    — No.

    — So?

    — It's our job.

    Madame Oblio just attacked her eyebrows.

    Jean-Louis called Étienne.

    — Play.

    The boy paleed.

    — Me?

    — You.

    — In front of her?

    I watched Madame Oblio.

    — I'd prefer a fire.

    — Play.

    Étienne took the instrument.

    I'll inspire.

    The first note was hesitant.

    The second best.

    Then a sentence.

    Simple.

    Chiara.

    The sound filled the shop.

    Madame Oblio listened.

    When Étienne finished, she waited.

    — So what?

    Jean-Louis replied:

    — He doesn't know how long I spent on that key.

    Madame Oblio was silent.

    — He doesn't know who chose wood.

    Zoé added:

    — He doesn't know how many people have learned before us what allowed us to build it.

    Jean-Louis looked at the apprentice.

    — And one day, maybe, someone will play a tool here without knowing anything about me.

    — Terrible — said Madame Oblio.

    Jean-Louis just smiled.

    — A week ago, I thought so.

    — What now?

    — Now I think maybe that's the point.

    Madame Oblio studied it.

    Zoé intervened.

    — A name should not force the future to remember the past.

    — Interesting.

    — He should force whoever leads him to be worthy of what he promises.

    Madame Oblio didn't move.

    Jean-Louis pointed out the sign.

    — If Buffet Crampon means just the two of us, cancel it.

    Zoé looked at him.

    Jean-Louis continued.

    — If it can mean a job done with care for someone we may never know...

    Madame Oblio lowered his eyes on the clarinet.

    — So?

    Jean-Louis rejected.

    — Then the name is no longer a monument.

    Zoé completed:

    — It's a responsibility.

    Madame Oblio took the gum.

    He approached the sign.

    He passed his hand.

    BUFFET disappeared.

    Jean-Louis took a step.

    Zoé kept him.

    Second pass.

    CRAMPON disappeared.

    Empty table.

    Étienne opened her eyes.

    — But...

    Madame Oblio raised a finger.

    — Play.

    The boy obeyed.

    The note went out.

    Same.

    Clear.

    Madame Oblio looked at Jean-Louis.

    — Your name is gone.

    Then he pointed the clarinet.

    — Yet this has remained.

    Jean-Louis did not answer.

    Madame Oblio smiled.

    — Why?

    Zoé was the first to understand.

    — Because the value was not written on the sign.

    Madame Oblio announced slowly.

    — He was at work.

    Quiet.

    Then, with a slight gesture, it again passed the glove on the table.

    The letters returned.

    BUFFET CRAMPON

    Jean-Louis fixed it.

    — Why do you give it back?

    Madame Oblio puts the rubber back in the bag.

    — Because now you know it doesn't belong to you.

    Jean-Louis broke his forehead.

    She pointed out the sign.

    — From today's name won't say who you are.

    He looked at the instrument.

    — He'll say what you promise.

    Zoé observed it.

    — What if one day that promise was not maintained?

    Madame Oblio smiled.

    — I'll be back.

    He left.

    Then Zoé called her.

    — Madame Oblio.

    The woman turned.

    — Can I ask you a question?

    — One.

    — Why do you keep the names you delete?

    Madame Oblio remained still.

    — Who told you I kept them?

    Zoé directed the register.

    — If you really wanted to destroy them, you wouldn't need to write them.

    For the first time Madame Oblio seemed surprised.

    Zoé continued:

    — Do you remember them all?

    The woman did not answer.

    Jean-Louis looked at the great book.

    — Everyone the world has forgotten?

    Madame Oblio lowered his eyes.

    He passed a hand on the cover.

    — Someone has to.

    Zoé smiled slowly.

    — Then you are not the Oil.

    Madame Oblio fixed her.

    — What?

    — You are the last memory.

    The woman remained perfectly immobile.

    Even the fog over the door seemed to stop.

    Then Madame Oblio slowly lifted his hands.

    He took off his gloves.

    Her fingers were thin.

    Normal.

    Human.

    Zoé noticed something.

    On the index finger there was a small ink stain.

    Madame Oblio looked at her.

    — Curious.

    — What?

    — In hundreds of years no one had ever noticed that maybe I was wrong.

    Zoé smiled.

    — It happens.

    Madame Oblio almost laughed.

    Almost.

    Then he went out into the fog.


    Episode

    Years passed.

    Years have this habit.

    They change faces.

    They take their hands.

    They fade the photographs.

    They make old news.

    Jean-Louis raised.

    Zoé.

    Étienne became an adult.

    Others entered the shop.

    Others learned.

    Others were wrong.

    Others ran.

    The instruments changed.

    They perfected.

    They traveled.

    They were played in bright rooms and in poor rooms.

    From professionals and boys to the first lesson.

    From people who knew that story and from people who had never heard of the names of Jean-Louis or Zoé.

    And maybe that was their triumph.

    Because true inheritance does not force those who come after to live backwards.

    He puts something good in his hands.

    And he says,

    Go.

    Madame Oblio returned many times.

    In winter nights.

    Always with the ash dress.

    Always with the silver moth.

    Always with the big register.

    He stopped in front of the sign.

    BUFFET CRAMPON

    He watched her.

    Then he listened.

    If from the shop came the noise of someone who still worked when it would be easier to settle...

    If a hand rechecks a key that no customer would ever know was correct...

    If someone was looking for not the sound easier, but the right one...

    Madame Oblio closed the bag.

    And he kept his way.

    One winter evening, many years later, remained in front of the workshop longer than usual.

    From the inside came the sound of a clarinet.

    First a note.

    Then another.

    Finally a melody.

    Madame Oblio lifted his face towards the sign.

    The silver moth trembled just in the light of the lamp.

    His hand went down to the bag.

    He blew the white rubber.

    But he didn't take it.

    He kept listening to the last note.

    Then he smiled.

    And he disappeared in the fog.


    Morale

    The first asks:

    «How long will you talk about me?»

    The second asks:

    «What will become better because I've been through here?»

    It is a much more severe question.

    Because fame can be inherited. Reputation can be bought. A plate can last centuries.

    But no writing, no statue, no surname can replace the real value of what is delivered to others.

    And maybe that's why a clarinet is a wiser creature than many men.

    He's not trying to own his breath.

    If he did, he wouldn't make any sound.

    He receives it, transforms it and lets it go.

    So they do the things they really deserve to last.

    So do the teachers, so do the best loves; so do the lives that do not need to become monuments.

    Because, sooner or later, Madame Oblio comes to take our name.

    It's his job.

    But the question that matters is not if we can stop it.

    It is another:

    When our name is no longer pronounced, will something remain in the world that, thanks to our passage, works better, breathes better, lives better?

    If the answer is no, no stone will be big enough.

    If the answer is yes, maybe we already got something more important than memory.

    We left an inheritance.

    We have received something from the world and we have not limited ourselves to restrain it.

    We worked it. Curated. Improved and delivered over.

    Just like the clarinet.

    The breath enters, crosses the wood, becomes sound.

    And then he leaves.

    But after passing from there, it is no longer just air.

    It became music.

    Perhaps we are also this: a place of passage between what we have received and what we will have the courage to leave.

    And then, when Madame Oblio comes, he can also take our name. What we have really transmitted will already be elsewhere, in the hands, in the lives, in the breath of someone else.

    NOVELLA SIMBLES (Click on the black arrow to open the contents)

    The silver moth
    It belongs to the night, but seeks light.

    The register
    Keep what the world can no longer appoint.

    White rubber
    Clear the letters, but reveal the value.

    The clarinet
    Turns a breath into inheritance.

    The sign
    A name only applies to the promise it maintains.

    The fog
    He hides the world to make the mystery speak.


    An answer to "The silver moth and the lost name"

    1. Avatar Danilo Dolciotti
      Danilo Dolciotti

      Beautiful this fairy tale on the clarinet and on one of the best producers of clarinets... very good

    Leave a comment

  • Can music still unite a world that is not heard?

    Towards the International Music Day of 1 October: from Yehudi Menuhin to Beethoven, from jazz to community choirs, a journey into the deepest meaning of listening. Because playing together doesn’t mean being equal, but learning to give space to the voice of others.

    by Marialuisa Veneziano


    29 September 2026

    In 1974 Yehudi Menuhin had a curious idea.

    To celebrate the music, he proposed to ask the cities a few minutes of silence.

    Not to interrupt urban life. Not to impose a solemn recollection. But to allow the music to resonate in the parks and squares, where it normally passes unnoticed, overwhelmed by traffic, conversations, rush.

    A violin instead of a clacson, we could say. With the advantage that the violin, at least as a rule, does not claim to have precedence.

    The proposal appeared in the letter with which the violinist, then president of the International Music Council, announced the first International Music Day, set for 1 October 1975. The anniversary was born of a resolution adopted in Lausanne in 1973 and pursued precise objectives: to spread musical art in all layers of society, to foster exchange between cultures and to contribute to the ideals of peace and friendship among peoples.

    Fifty-one years later, while we are preparing to celebrate that day again, the Menuhin proposal seems even more unusual.

    We have music everywhere today.

    In supermarkets. At airports. Cars. In the headphones of those who run, work, kitchen or try to ignore the neighbor on the train.

    We can listen to a symphony registered in Berlin while we walk on a provincial road. A Georgian song while waiting for the bus. A Beethoven quartet as we respond to a message that, in all probability, did not require immediate response.

    Music has never had so much chance to reach us.

    Yet a question remains open: did we become as capable of listening to each other?

    Because having access to millions of songs doesn't necessarily mean meeting millions of worlds.

    Sometimes it just means bringing our little world everywhere, protected by two earphones.

    And perhaps the International Music Day, before even inviting us to listen to something, should ask us to make a more difficult gesture.

    Remove the headphones from our certainties for a few moments.

    A violinist who wanted to listen to the world

    Menuhin could have been limited to celebrating its own tradition.

    He was one of the great violinists of the twentieth century, heir to an interpretative culture in which the solo concert represented one of the highest expressions of Western art. He had crossed the repertoire of Bach, Beethoven, Brahms and Bartók. His career would have allowed him to talk about music from the reassuring position of those who occupy the center of the stage.

    He chose instead to broaden his horizon.

    In 1966 he recorded with Ravi Shankar, a master of the Indian sitar, the project that would become West Meets East, published in 1967. It was not only a meeting between two instruments: Menuhin confronted Shankar’s music, entering a system in which the melodic organization, intonation, rhythm and improvisation obey principles different from those of European tradition.

    And this is the most interesting point.

    To really meet another culture, Menuhin could not simply continue to play as he had always done.

    He had to listen before he answered.

    He had to recognize that his knowledge, immense in his area, did not coincide with all possible musical knowledge.

    The rāga is not an exotic scale on which to freely improvise some phrase. It is a melodic universe with characteristic behaviors, hierarchies among sounds, recognizable movements and expressive associations. In the same way, the tāla is not a generic pulsation to accompany by beating the foot: it is a cyclic organization of time, articulated by accents, subdivisions and shared reference points.

    Entering that world requires study.

    And above all it requires a particular form of humility.

    Musical dialogue begins when we stop considering our grammar the only possible.

    It is a much more demanding lesson of the usual affirmation that music would be a universal language.

    That phrase is beautiful.

    But he's gonna make us forget something.

    Music does not necessarily speak to everyone in the same way. A sound can have different cultural meanings; a rhythm that for someone belongs to a party, for another can have a ritual value. What a listener perceives as distension can be unresolved for another.

    We do not automatically understand why we listen to the same sounds.

    Music can allow us to meet because we are not obliged to understand it all the same way.

    Menuhin seemed to have understood this possibility: the meeting does not require the cancellation of differences, but the availability to attend them.

    A counterpoint lesson for our time

    There is a musical idea that could offer us a small theory of coexistence.

    The counterpoint.

    Let's imagine two voices.

    The first proposes a melodic line. The second one enters, not to repeat it servely, but to develop its own path. The two lines can proceed together, move in opposite directions, approach, move away, produce tensions.

    None of them, however, should lose their identity.

    This is the beauty of counterpoint: unity is not born from the renunciation of difference, but from the organization of relationships between autonomous elements.

    Let's think of Bach's escape.

    A subject appears in one voice, then it is resumed by another. Meanwhile the first does not disappear: he continues his speech, woven with the one just entered.

    The listener must perform an extraordinary exercise.

    Follow a voice without forgetting the others.

    Recognize a theme while changing registry.

    Perceiving the overall form without sacrificing the life of individual paths.

    Of course an escape is not a political model, nor Bach was writing a civic education manual.

    But his music makes something sensitive that we in our daily lives do not necessarily interrupt our voice. It can give you a new meaning.

    And you don't have to get to Bach to experiment with it.

    Just think of a string quartet.

    Four people sit close and try to build a common form. Each has its own instrument, its stamp, its own gesture. The first violin cannot play instead of the cello; the viola cannot decide independently the breath of the entire ensemble.

    You must listen to the duration of a note, recognize the moment when another part takes relief, change its volume, wait for a sentence to be concluded.

    Sometimes you have to advance.

    Sometimes it's back.

    Sometimes having the courage to support a dissonance without rushing towards a premature consonance.

    And here music suggests an uncomfortable truth.

    Harmony is not to have conflicts. It consists in knowing what to do with it.

    Jazz and art of not knowing everything

    Jazz brings this reflection even further.

    In a formation that improvises collectively, music also arises from what no one has decided entirely in advance.

    The pianist proposes an agreement with a particular arrangement of notes. The smuggler can change the bass trend. The drummer moves an accent, opens a space, suggests a new articulation of time.

    The soloist listens.

    Come in.

    Give it back.

    He can even change the direction of his sentence because something, in the execution of another, showed him an unexpected possibility.

    This is one of the reasons why a great jazz improvisation does not coincide with a succession of individual solos.

    His quality comes from the relationship.

    In swing, then, time is not only the one indicated by the metronome. It is a shared experience, built through the position of accents, phrasing, interaction between pulsation and rhythmic microvariations.

    Two musicians can know perfectly the harmonious structure of a song and, however, fail to make it live together.

    Because knowing what to play is not like knowing how to be musically with someone.

    We think of a passage from John Coltrane, a response from the Miles Davis trumpet or the way a rhythm section can change the perception of a phrase.

    There is no authentic dialogue if everyone waits only their turn to demonstrate what they can do.

    And perhaps this is one of the great diseases of our time: we learned to take the word with extraordinary speed, but not always to let the word of others change what we were about to say.

    Jazz reminds us that an answer can be technically prepared, but must remain open to the unexpected.

    In the end, improvising together means accepting something very simple:

    the result does not belong entirely to anyone.

    Beethoven, joy and brotherhood still to be built

    No speech on music as a chance of encounter can avoid Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony.

    His final, built around the hymn to the joy of Schiller, became one of the most recognizable symbols of aspiration to human brotherhood.

    But it's worth listening to how Beethoven gets to that melody.

    The fourth movement does not begin with the triumphant chorus.

    Start with a violent orchestral raid.

    Then the cellos and smugglers introduce some kind of instrumental recitative. They appeal to the previous movements, as if the symphony was examining its history, looking for something that has not yet found.

    Only after this research emerges the theme of joy.

    At first it is very simple.

    A mainly joint melody, exposed by serious instruments, far from the rhetoric of triumph.

    Then it passes to other sections, it enriches, grows, until it becomes a collective song.

    The fraternity, in the musical construction of Beethoven, does not appear as a fact already acquired.

    It is the result of a process.

    Joy must be sought, recognized, shared.

    And this, perhaps, is the particular that we should remember more often.

    A crowd singing together is not necessarily a right community. History has shown us how easily collective music can also be used to exclude, intimidate and celebrate power.

    Music does not possess, by nature, a guaranteed morality.

    It can accompany a gesture of solidarity and, in other circumstances, be bent to propaganda.

    It can help recognize another human being, but also strengthen an identity built against someone.

    It is not enough, therefore, to sing the brotherhood.

    You have to give her a form in life.

    And that's where the Ninth continues to question us.

    It does not give us proof that human beings are already brothers.

    It puts us in front of the possibility — and responsibility — to try to become it.

    The music is of all. But can everyone really be part of it?

    There is a question that cultural celebrations are likely to evade.

    Who can afford to study music?

    Not just listening.

    To do it.

    A child who wants to learn the violin needs a tool, a teacher, time, of someone who encourages it when the first notes look more like the chigolio of a door than a sonata.

    A boy who wants to sing needs to find a place where his voice is not judged before being educated.

    An adult who wishes to return to play after many years needs to feel authorized to start over.

    Accessibility is not only an economic question.

    It is also psychological, geographical, educational.

    It is not enough to put a piano in a room and announce that everyone can use it. Someone must have taught people not to be afraid of it.

    The International Music Council translated this attention into five musical rights, proclaimed in 2001: the freedom to express itself musically, the possibility to learn the languages of music, access to participation and listening; for artists, the possibility to develop and communicate their art and obtain recognition and fair remuneration.

    It is important that the two dimensions be together.

    Music must be able to reach everyone.

    But those who produce it must be able to live their work.

    The gratuitousness of a public concert, for example, can be a precious cultural choice. It should not become the pretext to consider the work of interpreters free of charge.

    Similarly, bringing music to schools does not simply mean organizing a show at the end of the year.

    It means recognizing that musical education offers children a rare experience: learning to express themselves while exercising to recognize the presence of others.

    Let's think of a school choir.

    It doesn't matter that everyone has the same vocal extension. It doesn't matter that everyone learns at the same speed.

    The work begins when each guy finds a part to which to contribute.

    When you understand that your entrance also depends on the breath of those who are next to him.

    When he discovers that singing stronger than others does not necessarily mean singing better.

    And maybe, for once, the usually quieter companion becomes the reference point of the entire group.

    They're small experiences.

    But a community is also built like this.

    Not through great statements on the importance of cohabitation, but through gestures in which that cohabitation is concretely exercised.

    What if the music doesn't make us better?

    However, one must be wary of temptation: attributing to music an almost miraculous virtue.

    Music does not automatically make good.

    A great interpreter can be a bad listener in everyday life. An audience can move in front of a work and return, five minutes later, to behave exactly as before.

    Esthetic emotion is not a moral certification.

    And there is no symphony capable of replacing individual responsibility.

    This does not decrease the value of music.

    On the contrary, it makes it more interesting.

    Because music doesn't make us better.

    It offers us an experience in which some human qualities can be exercised.

    Careful.

    Patience.

    Memory.

    Ability to wait.

    Availability to change your position.

    Awareness that the meaning of one voice can change when another enters.

    It's not very small.

    In a world that tends to turn every conversation into a competition for the last word, listen to an escape or participate in an ensemble can remind us that not all meetings must end with a winner.

    There are reports in which the most important result is not to be right.

    It is able to build something that, on its own, would not have existed.

    Yet it would be naive to think that a concert is enough to produce peace.

    Menuhin did not need this naivety.

    His project asked instead to create concrete occasions of encounter: concerts, conferences, exchanges between artists, activities in schools, universities, factories, churches, public spaces. The music had to go out of the places where he was already loved to reach those in which he had not yet heard.

    Not a magic formula.

    Cultural work.

    Constant.

    Sometimes slow.

    And that's why it's necessary.

    Coda. A city that listens for a few minutes

    Let’s return to that idea of 1974.

    A city that interrupts its noise for a few minutes.

    Not just to shut up.

    To listen.

    Let's try to imagine it today.

    In a square someone starts playing.

    It does not matter, for the moment, whether it is Bach, a traditional melody, a jazz track or a contemporary song.

    Someone stops.

    Someone else keeps walking.

    A child asks what instrument it is.

    An elderly person recognizes a melody.

    A passer-by discovers a sound he never sought.

    No one is obliged to feel the same emotion.

    No one must pretend to understand what he doesn't know.

    But for a few minutes different people share an experience to which each can attribute its own meaning.

    It is a hypothetical image, of course.

    But perhaps it contains the deepest sense of the Menuhin proposal.

    Music does not unite us because it erases what distinguishes us.

    It offers us the possibility to stay close without claiming to become identical.

    Like the voices of an escape.

    Like the tools of a quartet.

    Like musicians who improvise and must continually decide whether to advance, respond or leave room.

    And perhaps, at a time when each has a means to be heard, we should worry a little more about finding opportunities to listen.

    On 1 October we will celebrate the International Music Day.

    We will publish photos, share songs, remember composers and interpreters. Someone will organize concerts, others will dedicate a thought to the song that accompanied an important moment of his life.

    All beautiful.

    But we could do something less striking.

    Listen to a music we wouldn't have chosen.

    Ask someone what song you represent, and listen to it without interrupting it after thirty seconds.

    Going to a concert of a kind we believe doesn't belong to us.

    Or let a child make us feel what he is learning, even when the melody is still uncertain and the hand tires the right key.

    Because the value of music is not only measured in the works performed.

    There is also the moment when someone finds the courage to begin.

    And another human being decides to listen to him.

    Maybe music won't save the world.

    It will not stop violence alone, it will not eliminate injustice, it will not prevent us from hurting each other.

    But you can remember something that the noise of our days tends to make us forget.

    That we are not the only voices of the score.

    That the silence of the other is not always a void to fill.

    That a dissonance does not necessarily require the destruction of one of the two notes.

    And that there are forms of beauty to which we can only come together.

    Perhaps this is today the deepest meaning of an International Music Day.

    Do not celebrate a language that everyone already understands.

    But to defend the possibility of continuing to learn from each other.

    Menuhin imagined a city that, for a few minutes, stopped making noise.

    Fifty-one years later, we could collect that proposal and give it an even wider meaning.

    Maybe we don't need a world where everyone sings the same melody.

    We need a world where no one should stop singing to allow others to exist.

    And in which, before we raise our voice once again, we finally get the time to listen to someone else's.

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